高速列车车轮踏面局部滚动接触疲劳的机理研究

项目名称： 高速列车车轮踏面局部滚动接触疲劳的机理研究

项目编号： No.51305361

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 赵鑫

作者单位： 西南交通大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 高速列车的车轮滚动接触疲劳随着我国高铁运营里程的持续增加逐渐成为急待解决的问题，例如，2012年新发现的一种局部接触疲劳裂纹能在三个月内扩展到5-8 mm深，严重威胁行车安全。本项目首先针对疲劳车轮进行几何、材料分析，并测定高应变率下的材料本构和高速轮轨黏着特性。同时，采用显式有限元法建立三维弹塑性瞬态滚动接触模型求解高速轮轨滚动接触，其中考虑速度、滚动行为、高频振动的影响并引入实测接触几何、含应变率影响的材料模型和高速黏着特性。之后，结合高速车辆-轨道耦合动力学结果，应用滚动接触模型计算高速滚动接触载荷条件下的材料瞬态响应，评估表层材料的磨损、塑性流变，进一步结合疲劳试样的微观材料分析结果，揭示高速车轮局部滚动接触疲劳的萌生机理与裂纹扩展规律，为增加高速车轮可靠性、降低维护成本提供基础数据和理论指导。最后，找到导致高速车轮局部滚动接触疲劳的载荷条件及列车运行状态，提出减缓措施。

中文关键词： 高速列车；滚动接触疲劳；显式有限元法；瞬态滚动接触解；

英文摘要： Rolling contact fatigue (RCF) of high-speed wheels has become one of the main concerns in the expanding Chinese high-speed railway industry, e.g., a new type of local wheel RCF was observed in a series of Chinese high-speed trains in 2012 and the cracks were found to propagate to a depth of 5-8 mm whithin about three months, being a great threat to running safety. This project will first conduct the geometry and material analyses of fatigued wheels, and measure the material behavior under high strain rate loading and the wheel-rail adhesion under high speeds. In the meantime, a 3-D transient wheel-rail rolling contact model will be developed by the explicit finite element method for high speeds, in which the influences of the rolling speed, the rolling behavior and the high-frequency vibrations are inherently included and the measured contact geometries, the strain rate dependent material model and the high-speed wheel-rail adhesion behavior can be introduced. Afterwards, based on the multi-body simulation results, parametric analysis of the transient rolling contact model will be performed to study the transient material responses under the rolling contact loading and to evaluate the material wear and plastic deformation. By further combining the numerical analyses and the microscopic observations and measureme

英文关键词： High speed train；Rolling contact fatigue；Explicit finite element method；Transient rolling contact solutions；