家蚕幼虫嗅觉组织中气味降解酯酶的功能及作用机制研究

项目名称： 家蚕幼虫嗅觉组织中气味降解酯酶的功能及作用机制研究

项目编号： No.31201851

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 畜牧学与草地科学、兽医学、水产学

项目作者： 余泉友

作者单位： 重庆大学

项目金额： 23万元

中文摘要： 气味降解酯酶是昆虫嗅觉组织中重要的解毒酶，在嗅觉反应中具有降解酯类信号分子以保持嗅觉受体神经元敏感性的重要作用。已有研究发现蛾类昆虫嗅觉组织中存在大量的气味降解酯酶基因，引发了人们对其是否具有对酯类有害气味分子解毒新功能的猜想，但至今未得到证实。我们的初步研究发现家蚕幼虫嗅觉组织中的气味降解酯酶候选基因Bmae32能被辛硫磷诱导表达，暗示着该基因可能参与了有害气味分子的解毒。本研究将在此基础上鉴定Bmae32在家蚕幼虫嗅觉组织内的时空表达模式，并通过对Bmae32的体外降解活性、酶学特性及RNAi等研究，进一步阐明该基因在家蚕幼虫寄主选择的嗅觉反应及保护感受神经元免受有害气味分子刺激中的作用机制。该研究的实施和完成可望第一次揭示气味降解酯酶在家蚕幼虫嗅觉组织中的功能，有助于鳞翅目害虫新靶标的发掘及防治新技术的开发，有重要理论和实践意义。

中文关键词： 家蚕；嗅觉；气味降解酯酶；分子机制；

英文摘要： Odorant-degrading esterase is one of the important detoxification enzymes in the insect olfactory tissues, which plays roles in hydrolyzing the acetate esters to maintain the sensitivities of the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). The previous studies indicated that the olfactory tissues in the moth insect contained large numbers of odorant-degrading esterase genes. It suggested that odorant-degrading esterases might have new functions, such as degrading the deleterious volatile esters. While these new functions have not yet been confirmed in the insect. In our previous study, we found that the expression of silkworm Bmae32 gene in the olfactory tissures during larval stages was significantly induced after suffocating exposure to phoxim. In present study, we will study the temporal and spatial expression patterns, detect the degrading activities and enzyme characteristics, and use RNA interference (RNAi) technology to understand the function and molecular mechanism of the odorant-degrading esterase gene. Through the functional analysis of Bmae32 gene, it might help us understand the roles of the odorant-degrading esterases in larval olfactory response and protecting ORNs from harmful volatile pollutants. It will be helpful to mining new targets and exploitation of an new technology for controlling lepidopteran p

英文关键词： silkworm；olfactory；odorant-degrading esterase；molecular mechanism；