杨树在解除镉毒害过程中新靶基因的克隆与功能分析

项目名称： 杨树在解除镉毒害过程中新靶基因的克隆与功能分析

项目编号： No.31300514

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 张帆

作者单位： 四川农业大学

项目金额： 22万元

中文摘要： 镉是造成土壤和水体污染的一种主要重金属，对人类健康和生态系统的危害甚大。镉对植物毒害的作用机制和植物对镉污染土壤的修复是世界重金属生物学研究的热点问题。尽管对此的研究很多，但至今未能找到镉对植物产生毒害的真正原因和机制。为合理解释笔者在实验中发现的在镉胁迫的同时施氮和高浓度镉处理能促进杨树生长的异常现象，本项目拟以欧美"107 "杨无性系为材料进行镉胁迫和外施氮处理，研究N源对杨树积累镉是否存在影响；同时利用转录组测序研究，筛选Cd处理和N+Cd处理差异表达的基因，并通过Real-Time PCR和Northern 杂交验证部分侯选基因并进行功能分析，寻找镉胁迫下杨树对镉解毒过程中新的靶基因，为进一步探讨植物对镉的解毒机制和转抗镉基因奠定基础。研究成果不仅有望丰富和完善现有植物重金属生物学的基础理论，而且能为土壤重金属污染的植物修复提新的思路和方法，因此具有重要的科学意义和实践价值。

中文关键词： 杨树；镉；氮；转录组测序；植物修复

英文摘要： Cadmium, as a heavy metal, has seriously polluted soil and water, and has posed a serious threat on the ecological environment and human health. Thus, the mechanisms of cadmium toxicity to plants and phytoremediation soil polluted by heavy metal have been drawn on a worldwide attention from human society. However, the precise mechanisms of how can extra-nitrogen alleviate the toxic symptom of plant caused by Cd are remain unknown. The early study showed that adding appropriate nitrogen in nutrient solution can obviously enhance the development of pant and reverse the toxic effect of heavy mental on poplar plants. In order to probe into the mechanism of nitrogen on plant under Cd stress, the materials selected the "107" poplar plants treated with cadmium, cadmium plus extra-nitrogen, respectively to analyze the relationship between nitrogen and poplar to cadmium accumulation. At the same time, to isolate the genes related to cadmium tolerance, the transcriptome sequence (RNA-Seq) will be utilized to detect the different expressional genes, and some positive genes related to cadmium tolerance will be isolated, and part of them will be verified by QRT-PCR and Northern Hybridization,which will lay a basis for understanding the detoxification mechanism of nitrogen to heavy metal stress in plant and further transferr

英文关键词： Poplar；Cadmium；Nitrogen；Transcriptome Sequencing；Phytoremediation