石墨烯/短链聚苯胺三维结构调控与超电容性能优化

项目名称： 石墨烯/短链聚苯胺三维结构调控与超电容性能优化

项目编号： No.21503065

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 闫健

作者单位： 合肥工业大学

项目金额： 21万元

中文摘要： 超级电容器用聚苯胺电极材料具有高比电容、高比功率等优点，但其循环稳定性差。申请人关于苯胺四聚体/氧化石墨烯的预研结果表明采用短链聚苯胺能增强电化学稳定性。据此，本项目拟开展三维框架支撑石墨烯/短链聚苯胺复合电极材料的设计和制备，通过调控聚苯胺链长与聚集态结构，进一步增强分子结构稳定性，并利用短链聚苯胺与石墨烯间的耦合作用，提高其机械稳定性；同时设计导电性良好的碳三维框架，提供电子和离子快速传输通道并提高其电化学活性，从而解决聚苯胺循环稳定性、功率密度和能量密度不易兼顾的问题。研究复合电极材料三维形态结构、分子结构及界面结构的调控方法；深入认识材料结构与超电容特性之间的关系，揭示结构调控对材料性能的促进机制。本项目不仅为增强聚苯胺及其他导电聚合物的电化学稳定性提供了一种思路，而且为通过结构调控获得综合性能优越的短链聚苯胺基复合电极材料奠定理论和实验基础，对其实用化有重要意义。

中文关键词： 循环稳定性；结构调控；三维石墨烯；短链聚苯胺；超电容性能

英文摘要： As a supercapacitor electrode, polyaniline exhibits advantages of high specific capacitance and high specific power. It suffers from low cycling stability. The results of the applicant’s pre-research on aniline tetramer/graphene oxide composites suggest that shot-chain polyaniline shows stronger electrochemical stability. Therefore, we attempt to design and fabricate the three-dimensional strutted graphene/short-chain polyaniline composites (3D-GP). By controlling the length of molecular chain and the structures of molecular aggregation, the stability of polyaniline molecular could be enhanced while the mechanical stability can be improved by coupling the short-chain polyaniline and three-dimensional strutted graphene. At the same time, highly conductive three-dimensional carbon frame will be developed to realize fast transport of electrons and ions as well as high electrochemical activity so as to achieve high cycling stability, high energy density and high power density of polyaniline electrode. The method for controlling the three-dimensional structures, molecular structures and interface structures of 3D-GP will be explored. Understanding on the relationship between the structures and capacitive behaviors of 3D-GP would be improved to reveal the mechanism of performance enhancement by controlling material structure. Our project can provide a new idea for enhancing the cycling stability of polyaniline and other conducting polymers. Furthermore, this work will explore theoretical and experimental fundament on fabricating high performance short-chain polyaniline based electrode materials, which is also important to its practical applications.

英文关键词： cycling stability;structure control;three-dimensional graphene;short-chain polyaniline;supercapacitor performance