石煤提钒区农田土壤钒污染及其微生物生态效应研究

项目名称： 石煤提钒区农田土壤钒污染及其微生物生态效应研究

项目编号： No.41201492

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 肖细元

作者单位： 中南大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 我国石煤资源丰富，是我国一种独特的钒矿资源。石煤资源的选冶活动给当地生态系统带来严重的破坏，土壤钒污染风险已经显现。本项目拟以我国石煤资源丰富、石煤提钒活动聚集的湖南湘西和怀化地区的农田土壤为研究对象，通过现场调查，利用XRD、SEM/EDM及ICP-OES检测技术，分析不同利用类型(水稻土和旱地)土壤中钒的矿物相、含量、形态和价态转化及其迁移特征，阐明农田土壤钒的化学行为及其空间迁移规律；利用PLFA、PCR-DGGE等现代分子生物技术，研究自然状态钒污染土壤中微生物的群落结构与功能多样性；开展室内培养试验，研究钒污染土壤中微生物及酶活性的生态毒害响应机制，建立钒污染与土壤微生物生理生化指标之间的定量表征关系，结合田间调查结果提出农田土壤钒污染的微生物生态效应的微生物学指标和临界值。研究成果为我国土壤钒的环境质量标准制定和风险评估提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 石煤提钒区；农田土壤；钒；污染特征；微生物生态效应

英文摘要： Stone coal resource is abundant and available vanadium ore in China. The extraction vanadium from stone coal ore,however, pose serious risks for the local environment safety and the pollution of vanadium has occured in recent years.In the proposal, the agricultural soil from the vicinity areas of vanadium smelters in Xiangxi and Huaihua districts of Hunan province is selected for the present research. Firstly, based on the investigation and greenhouse experiments, the content, speciations, valence changes and transferring of vanadium in soils will be studied by XRD, SEM/EDX and ICP-OES techniques in order to elucidate the chemical behaviors and spational distribution of vadadium in soils.and profile distribution of vanadium content, chemical mobility and valence state of vanadium in different land-use soils including rice soil and arable soil. Secondly, the microbial community and functional diversity in soils will be determined using PLFA and PCR-DGGE techniques. Then, stress toxic responses of microbial and emzyme activities will be studied through greehouse experiments in order to elucidate the qualitifical relationships between the pollution of vanadium and the microbial physiological index elucidate the characteristics of vanadium pollution for soil as well as its environmental behavior. Finally, the permi

英文关键词： stone coal smelting area；agricultural soil；vanadium；pollution characteristics；microorganism ecological effect