基于兴奋性与抑制性反馈协同调控的神经临界态机制及其信息处理特性研究

项目名称： 基于兴奋性与抑制性反馈协同调控的神经临界态机制及其信息处理特性研究

项目编号： No.61473208

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 其他

项目作者： 王俊松

作者单位： 天津医科大学

项目金额： 74万元

中文摘要： 大脑在临界态时具有最优的信息处理性能，神经临界态被认为是潜在的神经信息处理机制。已有研究限于神经网络层面，表明突触可塑性是神经临界态产生的重要机制。兴奋性与抑制性反馈连接是脑皮层神经网络的典型连接模式，对神经状态与功能特性具有重要的调控作用。据此在神经回路层面研究兴奋性与抑制性反馈对神经临界态的协同调控机制及临界态时的信息处理特性。包括：①建立临界态时兴奋性与抑制性反馈应满足的定量关系，即临界态产生条件；②兴奋性与抑制性反馈如何协同调控使系统趋向临界态？即临界态产生机制③分析临界态时的信息容量/编码能力及信息传输特性。 意义：①揭示基于兴奋性与抑制性反馈协同调控的神经临界态新机制。②为理解更高层次神经网络临界态机制及信息处理特性提供基础。③通过临界态概念将反馈结构与神经信息处理特性予以有机联系，有利于深入剖析反馈对神经信息处理特性的调控规律。④推动神经临界态理论与应用的进一步发展与完善。

中文关键词： 临界态；兴奋性与抑制性反馈；信息容量；信息传输；突触可塑性

英文摘要： The information processing characteristics of brain is optimal at criticality, which implies that neural criticality is an important information processing mechanism in brain. Up to now, most researches of neural criticality are conducted using complex neural network model, which indicated that synaptic plasticity can cause the criticality in neural system. Excitatory and inhibitory feedback is the typical connection in cortical neural network, and plays a key role in modulating the dynamics and function of neural system. On the context, we will study the neural criticality mechanism underlined by excitatory and inhibitory feedback at the scale of neural circuit, and analyze the information processing characteristics at criticality. Firstly, we will build the relationship between excitatory and inhibitory feedback to drive the system to its criticality. Secondly, we will analyze the information capacity and information transmission characteristics at criticality, respectively. Finally, we will provide explain on how the interaction between excitatory and inhibitory feedback drive the system to its criticality. Through the above mentioned researches, we aim to elucidate the criticality mechanism underlined by excitatory and inhibitory feedback, to provide a guideline for understanding the criticality mechanism of complex neural network, to further promote the development of the theory of neural criticality, to provide an insight into how the excitatory and inhibitory feedback exert influence on the information processing characteristics within the criticality-theoretic framework.

英文关键词： criticality;excitory and inhibitory feeedback;information capacity;information transmission;synaptic plasticity