甘薯淀粉回生过程中直、支链淀粉超分子相互作用机理研究

项目名称： 甘薯淀粉回生过程中直、支链淀粉超分子相互作用机理研究

项目编号： No.31271935

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 连喜军

作者单位： 天津商业大学

项目金额： 67万元

中文摘要： 甘薯回生淀粉是淀粉糊化后冷却过程中部分直、支链分子形成的结晶，具有改善肠道功能、降血糖、增强疾病抵抗力等功效，回生过程中甘薯直、支链淀粉超分子相互作用对淀粉回生率有重要影响。本项目采用多种方法制备出分子量分布范围极窄的甘薯直、支链淀粉；用同位素标记直、支链淀粉后，再次回生结晶，比对直、支链淀粉混合前后晶体核磁、红外、质谱、X-射线衍射、原子力图像等，推测其相互作用键的可能类型、连接位置和数量；采用Avrami方程和固液平衡理论研究甘薯直、支链淀粉混合前后的回生动力学、热力学数据的差异，缩小二者相互作用的可能方式的范围，最后采用单分子力谱技术锁定二者相互作用的方式，推测二者相互作用的机理,探索二者相互作用规律及其环境条件对相互作用的影响。项目研究成果将丰富长链高分子结晶理论，为探寻甘薯淀粉高回生率制备工艺提供理论指导，对了解甘薯淀粉超分子回生的内界过程和控制淀粉回生方法的探索也有现实意义。

中文关键词： 甘薯直链淀粉；支链淀粉；相互作用；机制；X-射线衍射

英文摘要： Sweet potato retrograded starch is a kind of crystallization formed from amylose and (or) amylopectin in starch paste，with the abilities to improve bowel function, lower blood sugar, and enhance disease resistance and other functions. Macromolecules Interaction between amylose and amylopectin plays a fundamental role in their retrogradation rate. The amylose and amylopectin with relatively narrow molecular weight distribution will be isolated via many methods. Crystals will be obtained by retrogradation of amylose, amylopectin and their mixtures labeled with isotope, and then the possible type, location and numbers of connection bonds between amylose and amylopectin in crystals will be inferred by means of analyzing the crystals data among them such as NMR, infrared, MS, X-ray diffraction, AFM images -and so on. Connection bonds between amylose and amylopectin in crystals will be confirmed by their dynamic and thermodynamic parameters related to retrogradation process according to Avrami equation and solid-liquid equilibrium theory, finally the connection bonds among them will be identified by single molecule force spectroscopy technology. The mechanism of interaction between sweet potato amylose and amylopectin in retrograded starch will be further deduced based on the above results, the law of interaction o

英文关键词： Sweet potato amylose；amylopectin；interaction；mechanism；X-ray diffraction