铁路路基病害检测雷达信号的杂波抑制及时频谱成像

项目名称： 铁路路基病害检测雷达信号的杂波抑制及时频谱成像

项目编号： No.41274122

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 肖建平

作者单位： 中南大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 铁路路基病害影响路基稳定，危胁行车安全，开展快速高效探测方法的研究对实现病害检测常态化具有重要意义。国内外对车载探地雷达用于路基检测的理论与技术开展了相关研究，但由于铁路路基检测要求兼顾探测分辨率和深度、轨枕及高频杂波干扰严重、数据量大不便于病害解译等问题制约了车载雷达的应用。本课题拟针对多通道多频车载雷达信号的特点，开展雷达信号的物理模拟及数值模拟，研究噪声来源及特点，对轨枕强干扰进行识别与压制；开展雷达信号的时频谱分析，获得雷达信号有效频带范围内任意频率的频率切片；研究时频域杂波抑制函数实现杂波抑制；对雷达频率切片信号转换成频谱矩阵，根据RGB成像原理进行矩阵变换，获得RGB分量矩阵。通过一系列的雷达信号处理，将多通道多频雷达采样信号进行杂波抑制及时频谱成像后获得一幅信噪比高，易于判读的RGB图像。所涉及的信号处理算法由物理模拟和数值模拟信号验证。研究成果具有重要的理论创新和实用价值。

中文关键词： 铁路路基病害；探地雷达；信号模拟；杂波抑制；信号融合

英文摘要： The railway subgrade disease leads to subgrade instability and affects the security of railway transport. It is very important to develop rapid and efficient detection method for disease detection. Research on the theory and technology of vehicle ground penetrating radar(GPR) used for subgrade detection are carried out at home and abroad. But many factors restrict the GPR applications for detection of the railway subgrade including contradiction between the detection resolution and depth, serious the sleeper interference and high-frequency noise, inconvenient of obscure data interpretation. This project aims to process signal of multi-channel multi-frequency GPR. First, physical and numerical model for the GPR is simulated, noise sources and its characteristic are researched, the sleeper interference is identified and suppressed. Second, time-frequency spectrum of GPR signal is analyzed, frequency slices in pass band are obtained. Third, clutter suppression function in time-frequency domain is studied and clutter suppression is realized. At last, frequency slices are converted into a time-frequency spectrum matrix, the matrix is transformed according to the RGB imaging principle, and RGB component matrix is gained. By carrying out the series of signal processing, RGB image is obtained. The image is easy to be i

英文关键词： Railway Subgrade Defects；Ground Penetrating Radar；Signal Simulation；Clutter Suppression；Signal Fusion