基于稀疏双模传感器阵列的超声导波在役风力机叶片结构健康监测技术研究

项目名称： 基于稀疏双模传感器阵列的超声导波在役风力机叶片结构健康监测技术研究

项目编号： No.11272021

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 数理科学和化学

项目作者： 刘增华

作者单位： 北京工业大学

项目金额： 82万元

中文摘要： 叶片是风力机中最基础和最关键的部件，也是缺陷易发、频发的重点部件之一。本项目提出一种基于稀疏双模传感器阵列的超声导波技术，用于在役风力机叶片结构健康监测。在波动理论指导下，研究超声导波模态的偏斜效应和波结构等传播特性。基于实验研究和三维有限元仿真，建立风力机叶片中超声导波传播的混合模型。利用此模型分析超声导波不同模态典型缺陷散射特性；选取对典型缺陷敏感、散射角较大的模态以及相应的激励频率。研制用于激励接收超声导波不同模态的双模传感器单元，建立实验系统。基于超声导波缺陷散射特性优化稀疏双模传感器阵列的分布。实验中采用chirp信号分别激励不同模态，检测风力机叶片中的典型缺陷。从获取的检测信号中提取包含缺陷信息的散射信号；优化成像参数，进行基于超声导波散射特性的缺陷成像；进而优化选取和发展多频多模态信号数据融合技术，减少和消除赝像，提高成像质量和缺陷可识别能力，实现在役风力机叶片结构健康监测。

中文关键词： 风力机叶片；超声导波；Chirp信号；结构健康监测；双模传感器

英文摘要： The blades are the most essential and vital components, and meanwhile are one of the key components where defects are the most likely and frequent to occur in wind turbines.In this project, ultrasonic guided wave technique based on sparse dual-mode sensor array is proposed for structural health monitoring(SHM) of in-service wind turbine blades.Under the guidance of wave theory, propagation characteristics, including skew effect and wave structures, of ultrasonic guided wave modes will be investigated. Hybrid model of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in wind turbine blades will be developed based on the combination of experimental research and three-dimensional finite element simulation.Scattering of different ultrasonic guided wave modes at typical defects will be analysed using this model.The modes with high sensitivity to typical defects and large scattering angle, and their corresponding excitation frequencies will be selected. Dual-mode sensor unit for the excitation and reception of different ultrasonic guided wave modes will be developed and an experimental system will be established. Sparse dual-mode sensor array distribution based on defect scattering characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves will be optimized. In experiments, typical defects in wind turbine blades will be inspected by using different

英文关键词： Wind turbine blade；Ultrasonic guided waves；Chirp signal；Structural health monitoring(SHM)；Dual-mode sensor