项目名称: 纳米二氧化钛接枝含磷阻燃剂在超临界CO2中的制备及其阻燃聚氨酯的研究
项目编号: No.21504003
项目类型: 青年科学基金项目
立项/批准年度: 2016
项目学科: 分析化学
项目作者: 董全霄
作者单位: 北京工业大学
项目金额: 20万元
中文摘要: 本项目以研究新型功能纳米粒子阻燃聚氨酯机理为目标。针对纳米材料阻燃聚氨酯(PUF)时粒子在基体中容易团聚且阻燃效率低的问题,提出在超临界CO2中向片状纳米二氧化钛(TNS)表面接枝含磷阻燃剂的方法,制备含磷阻燃剂接枝率高的TNS功能纳米粒子,利用功能纳米粒子的气相和固相阻燃剂作用及TNS的红外反射作用,提高PUF的阻燃性能;改善TNS在基体中的分散性,增加泡孔成核密度,降低泡孔尺寸,提高材料的力学性能。研究表面接枝含磷阻燃剂的TNS对PUF降解过程与成炭情况的影响规律;明确改性TNS对PUF燃烧过程的影响机制,分析这种兼具气相和固相阻燃作用且具有红外反射作用功能粒子阻燃PUF的机理,提出改性PUF阻燃性能的新思路和新方法。
中文关键词: 聚氨酯;二氧化钛;接枝改性;阻燃机理;超临界CO2
英文摘要: This project aims at a theoretic and quantitative study the mechanism of novel functional nanoparticles flame retarded polyurethane. Nanoparticles would generate aggregations in polyurethane and the flame retardancy efficiency is usually low. Silane coupling agents would be used to immobilize phosphate flame retardant onto the surface of titanium nanosheets(TNS) in supercritical CO2. The obtained phosphate immobilized titanium nanosheets could be used to improve the flame retardancy of polyurethane in gas phase and condense phase. Also TNS could reflect the infrared radiation, less heat could transfer back to the matrix. TNS could disperse better in the matrix because of the improved interfacial property. Better foam structure could be generated. The mechanical property of PUF could be enhanced. The flame retardant mechanism and char formation of the polyurethane incorporated with phosphate flame retardant immobillized TNS will be investigated. A new idea and method to improve the flame retardant property of polyurethane would be suggested.
英文关键词: polyurethane;titanium nanosheets ;immobilization;flame retardant mechanism ;supercritical CO2