几何排列对成肌细胞分化的影响及机理研究

项目名称： 几何排列对成肌细胞分化的影响及机理研究

项目编号： No.31470942

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 孙艳

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 81万元

中文摘要： 在机体组织中细胞在空间上相互组成特殊的细胞排列关系，这种排列关系存在于胚胎发育和组织再生过程的各个阶段。成肌细胞互相排列、融合分化成平行排布的肌管是体内、外肌肉再生的关键。科研人员在体外将成肌细胞排列和诱导分化成平行肌管时发现，物理性的细胞排列除了能使肌管按照所需方向排列外，某些排列方式还可以提高成肌细胞分化效率，但是其机理仍不明确。已有文献证明成肌细胞在融合时细胞形状具有极性，细胞骨架分布在整个细胞中是不对称的，同时细胞的粘附分子也是不均匀分布的，因此我们推测这些细胞内的不对称因素，极有可能受到外部细胞排列变化的影响，而由此引发细胞之间的通讯和细胞内信号通路的变化，可能是排列影响细胞分化的原因之一。为了验证这个假设，本课题用微接触印刷技术设计不同细胞几何排列方式，系统地研究排列对细胞分化的影响，从细胞骨架和细胞粘附两个方面探讨几何排列对成肌细胞分化影响的机理。

中文关键词： 细胞排列；细胞分化；成肌细胞；微接触印刷；组织工程

英文摘要： Cell alignment, which refers to spatial and oriented organization of cells, plays a critical role in tissue formation during embryogenesis and tissue regeneration. Myoblast cells alignment and fusion into parallel myotubes is important for myogenesis both in vivo and in. Many studies found that physically alignment of myoblast not only could get papallel myotube, but also can improve the differentiation of myoblast, however, the mechanism remains unclear.Myoblasts have been documented in a polarity shape during cell fusion, cytoskeleton actin is asymmetric distributed throughout the cell, and cell adhesion molecules are also unevenly distributed, we then hypothesized that these cells asymmetry factor, is likely to be affected by changes in the external cell arrangement, and the consequent changes in cell communication and intracellular signaling pathways between cells, may be one of the reasons that arrangement affect cell differentiation.This subject application micro-contact printing technology to control the cell alighment, systematically studied the effect of cell alignment on myoblast differentiation, to explore the mechanism of the effects of geometric arrangement of muscle cell differentiation based on cytoskeleton and cell adhesion.

英文关键词： cell arrangement;cell differentiation;myoblast;microcontact printing;tissue engineering