苎麻耐镉能力基因型差异的生理和分子机制

项目名称： 苎麻耐镉能力基因型差异的生理和分子机制

项目编号： No.31301275

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 佘玮

作者单位： 湖南农业大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 苎麻是中国特产的纤维用经济作物，生物量大，对重金属镉（Cd）具有较强的耐性和富集能力。苎麻作为纺织原料，进入食物链的风险小，是生物修复重金属污染土壤的潜力植物。研究苎麻耐镉能力基因型差异及其生理和分子机制将为充分发挥苎麻生态修复功能，应用分子生物学和基因工程调节植物富集重金属Cd能力提供理论基础。吸收、螯合和转运是植物耐受和积累重金属的主要原因, 目前揭示了植物富集重金属的部分机制，但吸收、螯合以及转运这一整套机制尚未进行整体的协同研究。本项目在前期筛选出高、中、低耐镉能力苎麻基因型的基础上，采用形态学、生理学及分子生物学技术方法，系统研究Cd胁迫下不同耐镉能力苎麻基因型生长和发育，阐明吸收、螯合和转运Cd生理和分子机制，探讨苎麻耐受和富集Cd的机理。

中文关键词： 苎麻；耐镉；基因型；生理机制；分子机制

英文摘要： Cadmium (Cd) contamination is of considerable concern worldwide due to its potential toxicity to various organisms. The eco-restoration is the first step for the seriously contaminated region. The plant species with high tolerance to heavy metals could be qualified for the eco-restoration. Ramie (Boehmeria nivea), also named "China grass", is an important source of cellulose-rich natural fibres (bast fibres) which has rapid growth, higher biomass and rich genotypes. It is significative to renovate heavy metals from contaminated soil with ramie due to its high accumulation and high economic value. For the Cd contaminated land, culturing ramie is a candidate measure for safely reuse of the land, since ramie could minimizes the potential hazard of bringing toxic metals into food chains. There are some reports about the physiological and molecular characterization of accumulation in plants heavy metals stresses, however, absorption, chelation and transport processes have not been studied as a holistic approach. In this study, hydroponic culture experiment will be carried out to analysis growth and development of three ramie genotypes in Cd treatment. Meanwhile, physiological and molecular mechanism of Cd absorb,detoxification and translocate in ramie will be researched with the help of morphological,physiological

英文关键词： Ramie；Cd tolerance；Genotype；Physiological mechnism；Molecular mechnism