透析膜/氧化石墨烯胶体组合对矿山废水中低浓度稀土离子吸附/解吸规律和机理的研究

项目名称： 透析膜/氧化石墨烯胶体组合对矿山废水中低浓度稀土离子吸附/解吸规律和机理的研究

项目编号： No.51464033

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 矿业工程

项目作者： 陈伟凡

作者单位： 南昌大学

项目金额： 50万元

中文摘要： 本项目针对当前南方稀土矿山废水中低浓度稀土离子高效分离技术的瓶颈，特别是应用纳米吸附剂普遍存在的二次污染问题，基于大分子氧化石墨烯胶体的超强吸附功能和透析膜的筛分性能，创造性地提出了氧化石墨烯胶体与透析膜组合用于低浓度稀土离子的吸附分离，拟系统研究时间、pH值、温度、共存NH4+浓度、氧化石墨烯的浓度和微观结构以及透析膜的孔径对吸附平衡的影响，建立吸附过程的热力/动力学模型，同时，研究解吸过程的主要影响因素，并深入研究稀土离透过透析膜在氧化石墨烯上吸附和解吸的微观过程及化学机理，为建立无二次污染的透析膜/氧化石墨烯胶体组合吸附分离低浓度稀土离子的新方法提供实验依据和理论支持，丰富和发展稀土离子的绿色吸附和分离理论，同时也为处理低浓度稀土废水回收稀土的提供理论指导和方法支撑，因此，本课题不仅有较高的学术价值，而且在高效利用稀土资源、保护生态环境、促进稀土行业的可持续发展方面也有重要社会价值。

中文关键词： 氧化石墨烯胶体；透析膜；稀土离子；吸附与分离；解吸与再生

英文摘要： In view of the technological bottleneck in high-efficient separation of low concentration rare earth ions in wasterwater from Southern China mines, especially nanoadsorbent-derived repollution extensively existing in adsorptive separation technology, a novel route for adsorptive separation of low concentration rare earth ions has been proposed creatively, which loads grapheme oxide colloid into a dialysis bag to form an adsorption unit based on excellent adsorption capacity of macromolicular grapheme oxide colloid and screening characteristics of dialysis membrane. The project is plan to systematically investigate the effects of adsorption duration, pH, temperature, co-existing ammonium ions, concentration and microstructure of graphene oxide， and pore size of dialysis membrane on adsorption equilibrium, conduct a kinetic and thermodynamic analysis on adsorption process, explore the major factors influencing the desporption,and intensively study adsorption and desorption micro-process of rare earth ions on graphene oxide sheet and chemical mechanism. The project is expected to provide experimental data and theoretical support for the establishment of the repollution-free methodology for separation of rare earth ions based on graphene oxide colloid adsorption combined with dialysis membrane, richen and develop theory of green adsorption and separation of rare earth ions, and also offer theoretical guide and methodological support for recovering rare earth elements from low concentration wastewater. In summary, the research is not only of high academic value but also is of great social significance for efficiently utilizing rare earth resources, preserving ecological environment and promoting sustainable development of rare earth industry.

英文关键词： graphene oxide colloid;dialysis membrane;rare earth ions;adsorption and separation;desorption and regeneration