甘草影响赭曲霉毒素A产生菌增殖及产毒的机制研究

项目名称： 甘草影响赭曲霉毒素A产生菌增殖及产毒的机制研究

项目编号： No.81473345

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 医药、卫生

项目作者： 陈娟

作者单位： 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所

项目金额： 73万元

中文摘要： 甘草是中药中应用最广泛的药材之一，还广泛应用于食品、饮料等领域。与其他药材相比，甘草极易受赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）污染。OTA是由青霉及曲霉属真菌产生的有毒次生代谢产物，具有极强的致癌、致畸、致突变作用，受污染的甘草不仅质量下降，还具有重大安全隐患。课题组前期研究发现，甘草上具有独特的OTA产毒菌群，甘草易感OTA的可能机制是其化学成分与环境因子协同作用，促进了这些OTA产毒菌的增殖及OTA合成。本研究针对这一假说开展如下研究：1）系统分析采收、加工以及储藏等环节污染甘草的OTA产毒菌类群，探明我国甘草上OTA污染发生的生物基础；2）通过多因子分析，考察不同环境条件下甘草化学成分对OTA产毒菌增殖及产毒能力的影响；3）应用差异显示反转录聚合酶链式反应技术研究甘草中单体化合物促进目标菌株OTA合成的分子机制。研究结果不仅能从源头指导甘草中OTA污染的科学预防，还能丰富OTA合成调控的理论。

中文关键词： 甘草；产毒真菌；增殖；赭曲霉毒素；A；合成机制

英文摘要： Liquorice is one of the most frequently used herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In addition, liquorice is widely used in food product, beverage and other fields. Compared to other herbs, liquorice is more easily contaminated by ochratoxin A (OTA). OTA is a toxic metabolite produced by several fungi of the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium, with strong carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects. Contamination of fungi not only decreases the quality of medicinal herbs, but also represents a special hazard to consumers. Our previous study found that the OTA producing fungi associated with liquorice were special, we hypothesize that both the chemical characteristics of liquorice and environmental factors contribute to the proliferation and OTA production of fungi, which result in the susceptibility of liquorice to OTA. This project is performed to 1) analyze the OTA producing fungi associated with liquorice during harvesting, processing and marketing using morphological observation combined with multiple sequence alignment; 2) analyze the effects of liquorice chemical composition on fungal proliferation and OTA production under different environmental factors; 3) found the molecular mechanisms behind this phenomenon using differential disply reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technology. The results can not only guide the scientific prevention of OTA contamination in liquorice, but also enrich the OTA synthesis and regulation theory.

英文关键词： liquorice;toxigenic fungi;proliferation;ochratoxin A;mechanism