脊髓运动神经元的突触可塑性及其细胞和分子机制

项目名称： 脊髓运动神经元的突触可塑性及其细胞和分子机制

项目编号： No.31271155

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 汪萌芽

作者单位： 皖南医学院

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 现有研究表明，不仅在脊髓的运动学习和记忆功能，而且在脊髓损伤（SCI）和修复中，作为运动控制最后公路的脊髓运动神经元(MN)及其神经元网络，都经历了反射通路和结构的可塑性变化，但它们涉及脊髓MN的何种长时程突触可塑性机制，仍不清楚。本项目将利用适合在多通路输入和神经元网络中进行细胞电生理分析的新生大鼠脊髓切片模型，应用MN细胞内或全细胞记录、微电极阵列记录，以及与胞内钙成像、SCI模型相结合的综合性技术，观察和分析脊髓MN突触传递的长时程增强（LTP）等的通路特性、受体和信号转导机制、神经元网络时空特性，以及SCI对其的影响（再可塑性或稳态可塑性），以期对脊髓运动学习和SCI过程中的长时程突触可塑性与再可塑性，及其细胞和分子机制、神经元网络机制有进一步的认识，为脊髓运动学习和运动控制机制的阐明提供新的资料，也为在临床上发展对SCI更有效的康复治疗策略提供理论基础。

中文关键词： 脊髓；运动神经元；突触可塑性；信号转导；受体动力学

英文摘要： The updated data have shown that the spinal motoneuron (MN), a final common pathway of motor control, and its neuronal network have undergone dominantly structural and reflex plasticity not only in the motor learning and memory function in spinal cord, but also during the processes of spinal cord injury (SCI) and its recovery. However, it is not clear what types of long-term synaptic plasticity in MN synaptic transmission are probably involved in motor learning and after SCI. In this project, the neonatal rat spinal cord slice preparation will be used, which is well suitable to cellular electrophysiological study of MN under modulation by the multi-pathway synaptic inputs and its neuronal network. By the intracellular or whole-cell recording of MN, microelectrode array recording of the neuronal network in slice, and their selective combination with intracellular Ca2+ imaging or SCI rat model, the input pathway properties, receptor and signal transduction mechanisms, spatiotemporal characteristics in neuronal network of long-term potentiation (LTP) in MN synaptic transmission, and effects of SCI on LTP (metaplasticity or homeostatic plasticity) will be intensively analyzed. From this study, more deep insights will be gained into the long-term synaptic plasticity and metaplasticity in MN synaptic transmission, t

英文关键词： Spinal cord；Motoneurons；Synaptic plasticity；Signal transduction；receptor kinetics