城市交通中路段阻塞的链式反应机理研究

项目名称： 城市交通中路段阻塞的链式反应机理研究

项目编号： No.50808035

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 轻工业、手工业

项目作者： 姚荣涵

作者单位： 大连理工大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 本项目研究城市道路网络中车辆排队和路段阻塞的链式反应机理以及局部路网阻塞的疏导与防治方法。项目研究成果主要包括：（1）模拟原子物理学中的核链式反应，建立了描述单个路段上车辆排队形成与消散的链式反应的数学模型，揭示了车辆排队的链式反应规律；（2）根据冲击波理论，分析了协调信号控制交叉口间路段上的车辆排队模式，并建立了其描述模型，计算了排队消散长度和二次排队长度，解释了路段长度受限条件下车辆排队的现象与规律；（3）根据二流理论，建立了当量排队长度变化率模型和最大当量排队长度模型，给出了拥挤交通流中车辆排队强度的测算方法；（4）基于交叉口时空资源最优配置思想，针对单个交叉口和相邻两交叉口，分别提出左转短车道长度和信号配时参数的协同优化模型。项目研究成果可以解释城市交通拥堵形成的内在机理，能够为解决城市交通拥堵问题提供理论依据与参考方法。在本项目的资助下，课题组已发表学术论文21篇，其中SCI收录1篇，EI收录11篇，参加国际学术会议3人次，国际合作与交流1人次。此外，培养硕士研究生4名，已完成硕士学位论文2本。

中文关键词： 城市交通；车辆排队；路段阻塞；链式反应；参数标定

英文摘要： This project focuses on the mechanism of the chain reaction of vehicle queuing and link jam and the methods of solving or preventing traffic jam in a local network. The research achievements of this project mainly include: (1) On the basis of the nuclear chain reaction in atomic physics, the mathematical model of describing the chain reaction of the formation and dissipation of vehicle queuing was put forward for a single-lane link. This model can explain the principle of the chain reaction of vehicle queuing. (2) According to the shock wave theory, the patterns of vehicle queuing on the link between two coordinated signalized intersections were analyzed. Then, the description models were built and the queue dissipation length and the residual queue length were calculated. These results can explain the phenomena and rules of vehicle queuing under the constraint of the length of a road link. (3) Based on the two-fluid theory, the change rate models of equivalent queue length were developed, and the models of maximum equivalent queue length were presented. The measurement method of vehicle queuing intensity was given for congested traffic flow. (4) The synergistic optimization models of the lengths of short left-turn lanes and the parameters of signal timing were proposed for an isolated intersection and two adjacent intersections on the basis of the optimum allocation principle of intersection time-space resources. These achievements can describe the inherent formation mechanism of urban traffic congestion and jam, and provide the theoretical basis and referenced method for solving urban traffic congestion and jam. Supported by the project, 21 pieces of academic papers have been published. Among them, one is embodied in SCI database and eleven is embodied in EI database. The research group participated in three international academic conferences. The principal has ever cooperated and communicated with the professors at UC Davis in US. In addition, four graduate candidates were cultivated, and two graduates have finished their master theses.

英文关键词： Urban Traffic; Vehicle Queuing; Link Jam; Chain Reaction; Parameter Calibration