长江口滨海盐土中重金属的转化迁移规律及其环境效应

项目名称： 长江口滨海盐土中重金属的转化迁移规律及其环境效应

项目编号： No.41271466

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 高效江

作者单位： 复旦大学

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 我国滨海盐渍土规模大，是沿海地区重要的土地资源。随着长江流域经济快速发展，重金属污染问题日益突出，长江口地区也面临巨大的环境威胁。因此，开展滨海盐渍土壤中重金属的环境行为及其生态效应具有重要的科学意义。本项目拟重点研究长江口滨海盐土发育和演化过程中主要污染重金属的形态分布及其转化迁移机制，旨在阐明不同成土阶段、不同土地利用方式下（Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd等）重金属形态特征的时空变化规律；揭示不同水分条件下滨海盐土环境中重金属、铁、硫等形态的动态转化及其交互影响机制；模拟研究酸雨降水过程中盐分离子和重金属的淋溶迁移规律；探讨城市活性污泥对滨海土壤环境中重金属的生物有效性的影响；评价该地区盐渍土壤重金属的环境效应，为长三角地区的滨海盐渍土地资源开发利用和环境保护提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 重金属；空间分布；化学形态；水分条件；围垦土壤

英文摘要： As the potential land resources, saline-alkali soil presents a large scale along the coastal region of China. While the rapidly development of the Yangtze River basin, problems of the heavy metal pollution in water and soil environment is becoming serious gradually, and there is a huge environment pressure in the Yangtze estuary. So, it is significant and important to study the behavior of heavy metals and their ecological impact in the coastal saline soils. In this project, researches will be focused on the form distribution transformation and transport of heavy metals during the development and changing processes of saline-alkali soil. Aim is to clarify the timely and spatial change of the form distribution of heavy metals in different soil stage and different type of land use; to show the dynamic transformation of heavy metals(Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd et al.), iron and sulfur, especially their intersection effect mechanism during a different water condition of soils. Also, simulation experiments of acid rain will be applied to learn the leaching and transport of heavy metals during acid rains. Moreover, the effect of city sludge used to fertilizing coastal saline soil on the bioavailability of heavy metals will be investigate. In finally, all the research results will supply basic suggestions for reasonable land use an

英文关键词： Heavy metals；Spatial distribution；Chemical forms；Hydrological regime；Reclamation soils