马铃薯晚疫病菌Phytophthora infestans中miRNA的研究与分析

项目名称： 马铃薯晚疫病菌Phytophthora infestans中miRNA的研究与分析

项目编号： No.31300127

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 吴蕾

作者单位： 内蒙古大学

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 马铃薯晚疫病作为马铃薯生产中的头号病害，是引起粮食作物产量损失最严重的一种真菌病害。孢子囊萌发是P. infestans侵染过程中至关重要的阶段。miRNA在动植物中广泛存在，可通过识别靶基因实现转录后的基因调控。本项目研究拟选取P. infestans菌株三个不同发育时期的组织样品- - 未萌发的孢子囊、萌发的孢子囊和菌丝，利用Illumina技术对三个样本进行小RNA测序，通过数据分析预测P. infestans不同发育阶段的milRNA及其作用的靶基因。并通过sRNA杂交实验证实部分milRNA的存在，找到其发夹前体，初步研究milRNA对靶基因作用机制。通过构建样品之间的小RNA差异表达谱，找出在孢子囊萌发过程中特意表达的miRNA及其靶基因，为深入研究P. infestans与植物寄主的相互作用机制奠定基础。

中文关键词： P. infestans；small RNA测序；miRNA检出；差异表达；作用机制

英文摘要： Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary (Oomycota, Stramenopiles) is the most important diseases threatening potato production in many countries, especially in China. This plant pathogen causes billions of lost in potatoes, tomatoes and other members of the Solanaceae worldwide. In the life cycle of P. infestans, sporangia germination is a critical stage in the process of P. infestans infection. The genome of P. infestans, completed sequencing in 2009, was found to be considerably larger (240 Mbp) than that of most other Phytophthora species whose genomes have been sequenced; Phytophthora sojae has a 95 Mbp genome and Phytophthora ramorum had a 65 Mbp genome. It also contained a diverse variety of transposons and many gene families encoding for effector proteins that are involved in causing pathogenicity. However, MicroRNA is rarely researched in this pathogen. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nt with important regulatory roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Most published documents indicated that miRNAs play important roles in plant development, such as organ separation, leaf development and polarity, lateral root formation, floral organ identity and reproduction, etc. MiRNAs are alsovery important in regulation of animal development, differe

英文关键词： P. infestans；small RNA sequencing；miRNA；differently expression；mechanism