小麦抗纹枯病所需R类基因TaRCR1的功能与分子机制研究

项目名称： 小麦抗纹枯病所需R类基因TaRCR1的功能与分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31471494

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 张增艳

作者单位： 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所

项目金额： 89万元

中文摘要： 小麦纹枯病是我国小麦生产上的第一大土传病害，难以防治。由于缺乏易于利用的抗源、抗性鉴定和选择困难，致使抗纹枯病育种进展缓慢。因此，分离小麦抗纹枯病重要基因，研究小麦抗纹枯病反应的防御作用机制，研发有效的分子标记，培育抗纹枯病小麦新品种，十分紧迫和必要。 本项目组前期开展了抗纹枯病小麦和感纹枯病小麦间基因差异表达谱、转录丰度与抗性关联分析，鉴定出1个小麦抗纹枯病R类基因TaRCR1，表达量与抗性成一定正相关，VIGS功能分析表明该基因是小麦抗纹枯病反应所必需的。本项目将从不同抗、感纹枯病小麦中，克隆该基因及其非编码调控序列，发掘优异等位变异，研发分子标记；利用遗传连锁分析、转基因小麦、分子检测与表型鉴定、测序、基因网络、酵母双杂交等分析，明确TaRCR1在小麦中的生物学功能和对纹枯病抗性的贡献率，揭示该基因作用的分子机制，为小麦抗纹枯病遗传育种提供理论依据、优异基因、分子标记和技术支撑。

中文关键词： 小麦纹枯病；抗病基因；分子标记；功能研究；分子机制

英文摘要： Wheat sharp eyespot disease, primarily caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia cerealis, has been threatening wheat production in China since 2005. It is very necessary and urgent for the disease resistant wheat breeding to study wheat defense mechanism to Rhizoctina cerealis, to isolate important resistance genes and to develop effectively functional markers for molecular-assistant selection of the resisntance genes. We isolated a wheat resistance gene encoding a CC-NB-LRR protein, named TaRCR1, based on the results of differential expression profiles between Sharp eyespot resistant wheat Ci12633/Shanhongmai and the susceptible Wenmai6. The results of VIGS functional assays indicated that TaRCR1 was necessary for wheat defense response to Rhizoxtonia cerealis infection. The expression level of TaRCR1 was associated with the disease resistance degree. In this sproject, we plan to conduct the following researches: to clone the full-length sequences of TaRCR1 and related untranscript region sequences from different resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars, to mine interest allle variation of TaRCR1 in wheat cultivars/lines, to develop a functional molecular-marker by genetic link analysis, to study the biological function of TaRCR1 and the molecular mechanism underlying the function in wheat through assaying the overexpressing- and underexpressing-TaRCR1 , RNA-sequencing, gene network analysis softward, and mutiple mol-biological techniques including yeast-two-hybrid etc. This project will provide a theorical basis, a resistance gene resource, and a functional marker and technical assistance for wheat breeding with resistance against sharo eyespot.

英文关键词： Wheat sharp eyespot;Resistance gene;molecular marker;Functional study;Molecular Mechanism