气藏相关的特异性甲烷氧化菌的拉曼光谱研究及其在天然气气藏现场、快速勘探中的应用

项目名称： 气藏相关的特异性甲烷氧化菌的拉曼光谱研究及其在天然气气藏现场、快速勘探中的应用

项目编号： No.41273093

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 胡继明

作者单位： 武汉大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 甲烷氧化菌是天然气藏勘探的主要指示菌，其快速精确检测是发展新型微生物勘探技术的核心和关键。高灵敏、高空间分辨、高光谱专一性和无需样品前处理的拉曼光谱技术可望为其提供一种全新研究手段。本项目从分子和细胞两个层次入手，检测与甲烷氧化菌相关的生物分子以及培养的不同种属与表型的甲烷氧化菌细胞的拉曼光谱，建立起生物分子和甲烷氧化菌的拉曼光谱数据库，并使用Data mining 技术和化学计量学手段对数据库进行解析与处理。研制出与常规微生物检验相关的数据处理软件和光谱鉴定模块。以气藏近地表土壤中甲烷氧化菌样品为研究对象，深入解析气藏属性与地表土壤甲烷氧化菌种属与含量的特征拉曼光谱的对应关系，进而在地质、地震等数据支撑下建立基于拉曼光谱技术的气藏微生物勘探的量化标准和勘探模块。将其与自制的拉曼光纤探针组装成便携式气藏微生物拉曼勘探仪并过渡到野外勘探，有望为我国天然气气藏的精确勘探提供一种新型实用技术。

中文关键词： 微生物勘探；拉曼光谱；甲烷氧化菌；；

英文摘要： Methanotrophs act as the major indicator bacteria of gas pool, and its rapid, accurate discrimination plays a crucial role in developing novel microbial prospecting technologies for oil & gas. Highly sensitive and selective Raman spectroscopic technique hopefully provides a novel approach for methanotrophs discrimination without the interference of water. This project attempts to build up a Raman database based on Raman measurements of various species or phenotypes of methanotrophs and related biological molecules. Data mining and chemometrics methods will be utilized to process the mass data. Subsequently, data processing software and spectral identification module are developed according to the corresponding results of routine microbiological tests. The methane-oxidizing bacteria samples, which is located in near-surface soil on the top of gas reservoir, were chosen to deeply probe into the relationship between gas reservoir and characteristic Raman scattering properties of a certain number of specific methanotrophs. Further, the quantitative criteria and exploration module of microbial oil and gas exploration based on Raman analysis are established with the help of geological and seismic data. Combining the above mentioned modules and a home-built Raman fiber-optic probe will result in a portable gas reservoi

英文关键词： Microbial Prospecting；Raman Spectroscopy；Methanotrophic Bacteria；；