禽源H3N2亚型犬流感病毒跨越禽－犬宿主屏障的分子基础

项目名称： 禽源H3N2亚型犬流感病毒跨越禽－犬宿主屏障的分子基础

项目编号： No.31302115

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 滕巧泱

作者单位： 中国农业科学院上海兽医研究所

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 动物流感是由A型流感病毒引起的一种重要传染病。A型流感病毒具有一定的宿主特异性，但近几年禽流感病毒跨越宿主屏障感染人类和哺乳动物的事件不断发生。2007年以来，亚洲新发H3N2亚型犬流感病毒在我国广泛流行，引起犬急性传染病-犬流感，同时给人类健康埋下了隐患。序列分析表明，新发犬流感病毒源于禽流感病毒，而用目前已知知识无法解释这类病毒跨越禽-犬种间屏障的分子机制。在早期研究中，我们筛选到两株高度同源的病毒，一株引起犬发病的犬流感病毒和一株不感染犬的鸭流感病毒，并建立它们的反向遗传操作系统，救获了一系列单基因替换的重组病毒。本项目拟利用前期救获的单基因替换重组病毒，人工感染实验犬，根据在犬体内的复制和对犬的致病能力来确定犬流感病毒跨越禽-犬宿主屏障的关键基因，进一步利用定点突变等方法，明确该类病毒在犬中流行的关键氨基酸位点，为深入解读H3N2亚型犬流感越禽-犬种间屏障的的分子机制研究奠定基础。

中文关键词： 流感病毒；禽；犬；H3N2亚型；跨宿主

英文摘要： Animal influenza is an important infectious disease caused by influenza A virus.The species specificity of influenza viruse is certain uasally, but interspecies transmission of avian influenza virus（AIV） across host barrier becomes onging.Since 2007, Asia's new hair H3N2 subtype canine influenza virus is widely prevalent in our country, causing an acute infectious disease in dogs-canine influenza that could be a potential threaten to human health. Sequence analysis demonstrated that this virus was avian orign.However,the mechanism of H3N2 subtype AIV crossing species barrier to infect dogs could not be expained by known theory . In the previous study, two viruses with different pathogenicities in dogs and ducks were selected.Their reverse genetic systems were established and a serious of one-gene substituted mutant viruses were rescued. In this project, we will use these mutant viruses to infect dogs.The crucial genes that determine the replication abilities of H3N2 avian-orign influenza viruses in dogs are expected to be found according to its replication and pathogenicity .In a further analysis, key amino acids of H3N2 canine influenza virus will be identified by site-direct methods and so on. The findings will provide a theroretical basis for an in-depth interpretation of the mechanism of H3N2 subtype canine

英文关键词： Influenza virus；Avian；Canine；H3N2 subtype；interspecies transmission