项目名称: 闸坝工程泄水及其下游覆盖层局部冲刷统一数值模拟
项目编号: No.51279170
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 水利工程
项目作者: 张根广
作者单位: 西北农林科技大学
项目金额: 79万元
中文摘要: 闸坝工程泄水建筑物泄流能力及其下游覆盖层局部冲刷坑形态正确预测预报是闸坝安全设计的两个重要参数,目前该项研究工作主要建立在物理模型试验基础上。鉴于物理模型试验周期长,费用高及不能确切分析水流条件对冲刷坑影响等缺陷,本项目拟在可靠的实测数据基础上,发展针对泄水建筑物下游覆盖层冲刷问题的数学模型和计算方法,实现对枢纽泄流及下游冲刷坑形态统一模拟。首先选取典型的泄水建筑物布置型式、床沙级配等参数,观测研究泥沙典型断面流速分布、水深、床面剪切应力、水下休止角和斜坡上泥沙粒径大小和分布等要素,以此作为基础和验证数据,辅助以水力学模型丰富、拓宽流场信息,建立斜坡上泥沙起动公式,发展泥沙冲淤数学模型;通过原型观测数据与数学模型相互印证,使数学模型预报精度达到工程设计要求。整个项目研究将会提升枢纽泄流能力及冲刷坑形态预测预报整体水平,缩短闸坝工程设计周期,减小工程投资,使设计、研发上升一个新台阶。
中文关键词: 闸坝工程;冲刷坑;泥沙起动;数值模拟;模型试验
英文摘要: The water discharge capacity of water discharge structures and the local scour pit morphology of covering layer downstream of gate and dam projects are two important parameters for safety design, and the research now is mainly based on the physical model test. In view of the long test cycle of the physical model, high cost and the shortage which cannot analyses the effects of flow condition on scour pit, and other defects, this project aims to develop a mathematical model and calculation method focusing on the problem of scouring of the covering layer downstream of water discharge structures based on the reliable measured data, and fulfills the unified simulation of water discharge and scour pit morphology. Firstly we select the typical layout of water discharge structures, bed sediment gradation composition and other parameters, and then observe the velocity distribution, water depth, the bed shear stress, repose angle and sediment grain size and distribution on slope and other elements in scour pit as the foundation and the validation data, to rich and broaden the flow field information with the help of the hydraulics model, establish the incipient motion formulas of sediment on slope, and develop the mathematical model of sediment scouring and silting; through the prototype observation data and mathematical m
英文关键词: gate and dam projects;scour pit;numerical simulation;sediment incipient motion;model test