人类活动对高异质性喀斯特区域植被恢复速率的影响研究

项目名称： 人类活动对高异质性喀斯特区域植被恢复速率的影响研究

项目编号： No.41501206

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 祁向坤

作者单位： 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 在生态恢复工程实施背景下，西南喀斯特地区植被恢复呈现区域差异，整体恢复效率偏低的特征。喀斯特高异质性的地理环境（土壤浅薄量少且分布不连续、地形变化大）和人类活动共同影响植被恢复，区分两者的相对贡献是植被恢复治理中需要明确的关键问题之一。本研究拟以桂西北喀斯特区域为研究对象，根据野外植被调查和结合高分辨率遥感数据监测1990-2015年生成植被演替图谱，空间统计和排序法确定实际植被恢复速率及其空间分布；基于土壤分布梯度（坡位）特征，结合土壤调查、地形坡位指数和地统计方法描绘地理环境梯度的空间分布；借助空间回归分析建立无人为活动影响区域（自然保护区）的土壤分布梯度和植被恢复速率的关系，模拟研究区地理环境约束下的植被恢复空间分布；去除地理环境异质性造成的植被恢复速率差异，对比分析不同人类活动强度对植被恢复速率的影响，为桂西北喀斯特生态恢复工程效益评价和植被可持续恢复提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 喀斯特；植被恢复；土壤分布异质性；遥感监测；人类活动

英文摘要： In the context of ecological restoration project implementation, the trend of vegetation restoration in Southwest Karst region have presented the characteristics of regional differences and low efficiency. High heterogeneity of geographical environment (the main cause is the less shallow and discontinuous soil distribution and high terrain relief) and acute human activities affect vegetation restoration. One key issues need to be clearly is to distinguish the impacts from the geographical environment and human activities. The research will intend to map the vegetation succession from 1995 to 2015 in the Northwest Karst region in Guangxi, China based on field survey and high resolution imagery and ensure the succession speed and spatial distribution based on spatial statistic; analyze and divide the terrain feature unit based on terrain factor and terrain landscape fragmentation, build the spatial distribution of geographical gradient using terrain position index and geo-statistical methods; simulate the ideal situation of vegetation restoration which was affected only geographical environment by spatial regression analysis between vegetation speed and soil distribution; remove the impacts of geographical heterogeneity on succession speed differences, and contrast the vegetation succession speed differences under varied intensity of human activities. The aim of this study is provide scientific basis for evaluation of vegetation recovery effectiveness under ecological project implementation and sustainable recovery of karst vegetation.

英文关键词： Karst;Vegetation recovery;Heterogeneity of soil distribution;Remote sensing monitoring;Human activities