基于“标准化”背角无齿蚌及其鳃细胞损伤模型的镉生物积累及毒性机制研究

项目名称： 基于“标准化”背角无齿蚌及其鳃细胞损伤模型的镉生物积累及毒性机制研究

项目编号： No.31502166

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 农业科学

项目作者： 陈修报

作者单位： 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 背角无齿蚌被证明是有效把握水环境重金属污染动态的生物指示物种，已被广泛用于渔业水环境Cd等重金属污染的评价。然而，其对Cd的高富集能力、毒理效应及其应答机制尚不清楚。鉴于此，本项目拟利用自主开发的“标准化”（人工繁育的生物因子相同、遗传质量稳定、污染本底值较低的监测专用）背角无齿蚌个体，运用稳定同位素（112Cd、113Cd）双标记水体（水相）和小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）（食物相）等方法，深入研究蚌（包括组织、细胞及亚细胞水平）对水相和食物相Cd的积累动力学；再尝试从分子水平（ECaC、DMT1和ZIP8 mRNA相对表达量与Cd吸收量之间的关联性）探索蚌以鳃为代表的靶组织对Cd的吸收通道和生物积累特征；在此基础上，进一步突破蚌鳃细胞的体外培养难题，尝试建立鳃细胞损伤模型，以期揭示Cd的毒性效应及其应答机制。研究成果对我国渔业水域生态环境和水产品质量安全将具有重要意义。

中文关键词： 生境；污染；资源养护；环境修复

英文摘要： Bivalve Anodonta woodiana is demonstrated as an effective bioindicator to grasp the dynamics of waterborne metal pollution. To data, A. woodiana-based biomonitoring approach has been widely used to monitor and assess metal (especially Cd) pollution of fishery ecological environments. However, in-depth understanding seems to be lacked on the mechanism of particularly high Cd accumulative capacity, toxicological effect, and response strategy. Therefore, “standardized” A. woodiana (individuals obtained by artificial propagation techniques, possessing the similar biometric characterization, genetic quality, and low background of metals), with independent intellectual property, is chosen as model animal in the present study to investigate bioaccumulative dynamic of Cd through aqueous and dietary routes, accompanying with the application of stable isotopes (112Cd and 113Cd) labeling on water (waterborne Cd) and microalgae Chlorella vulgaris (dietary-borne Cd), respectively. Based on the results obtained, transcript levels of genes involved in the transport of Ca (ECaC), divalent metals (DMT1) and Zn (ZIP8) and assimilated Cd content will be further investigated with the target tissues (especially gill) for revealing Cd assimilation channel and accumulation mechanism. In addition, an in vitro approach of isolation and culture of the mussel gill cells will be used to establish a gill cells injury model for elucidation of Cd toxicological effect, and A. woodiana response strategy. The results must facilitate in conservation of both fishery ecological environment safety and aquatic products quality.

英文关键词： habitat;pollution;resource conservation;environmental restoration