棉花PCBER基因在纤维发育和品质形成中的作用及调控分子机制研究

项目名称： 棉花PCBER基因在纤维发育和品质形成中的作用及调控分子机制研究

项目编号： No.31460360

项目类型： 地区科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 食品科学、农学基础与作物学

项目作者： 李艳军

作者单位： 石河子大学

项目金额： 45万元

中文摘要： 棉花是世界性的重要经济作物，是纺织工业天然纤维的主要来源。棉纤维品质的好坏直接影响纺织品的质量和效益，纤维品质是在纤维发育过程中形成的，其发育分子机制的解析将有助于揭示细胞伸长和纤维素合成等重大理论问题，而且可为利用基因工程手段改良棉纤维的品质奠定基础。近期的研究发现苯丙烷途径代谢产物中的一些物质对棉纤维细胞壁的性质、纤维细胞的生长发育有着重要影响。PCBER基因是合成苯丙烷物质- - 木脂素的关键酶基因，该基因在植物的木质化细胞中高度表达。前期研究发现PCBER蛋白在棉纤维中是最丰富的蛋白之一，在高品质纤维中的表达量明显高于低品质棉花。本项目拟通过利用农杆菌介导法获得GhPCBER基因过量或抑制表达棉花植株，分析GhPCBER表达水平的改变对棉纤维细胞的发育和品质以及对棉纤维中苯丙烷类物质含量的影响。同时研究该基因在棉纤维细胞中的定位及相互作用蛋白，明确该基因在棉纤维品质发育中的功能与调控。

中文关键词： 棉花；苯基香豆满苄醚还原酶；纤维品质；基因功能

英文摘要： Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in the world, and cotton fiber is the major natural fiber material for textile industry. Fiber quality which is formed in the process of fiber development directly influences the quality and efficiency of textiles. Researches on molecular mechanism of cotton fiber development is not only in favor of revealing the theoretical problems of plant cell elongation and cellulose biogenesis, but also in favor of making the foundation on improving the fiber qualities through genetic engineering. Recent molecular and genetic studies revealed that some metabolites derived from phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway have a significant impact on the properties of the cell wall and the development of cotton fiber. PCBER, an enzyme involved in lignan,was found to be the most abundant protein in the lignifying cells of plant. Our preliminary study also showed that GhPCBER is one of the most abundant proteins in cotton fiber, and the exprssion level of GhPCBER in high quality fiber was significantly higher than that in low quality fiber. In this study, GhPCBER was cloned from cotton fiber and transformed into cotton by Agrobacterium mediated method. Overexprssion and RNAi trangenic technology were further used to investigate the effects of change in exprssion level on the fiber development，quality formation and on the content of phenylpropanoid compounds. At the same time, the localization of the gene and interaction with other proteins in cotton fiber were studied, providing the theory basis for understanding the function and regulation mechanism of the gene in the cotton fiber development.

英文关键词： cotton;phenylcoumaran benzylic ether reductase;fiber quality;gene function