闽江河口湿地CH4和N2O释放对氮输入增加与互花米草入侵交互作用的响应

项目名称： 闽江河口湿地CH4和N2O释放对氮输入增加与互花米草入侵交互作用的响应

项目编号： No.41301085

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2014

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 牟晓杰

作者单位： 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所

项目金额： 26万元

中文摘要： 氮输入增加、外来生物入侵与温室效应引起的全球气候变化是当前全球变化研究的重要内容。滨海河口湿地作为陆源氮的一个重要"汇"区，其温室气体排放如何应对氮输入增加与外来植物入侵的双重影响？本项目选择闽江河口短叶茳芏湿地和互花米草入侵湿地为研究对象，基于野外原位实验和室内控制实验，通过连续3年的研究，探讨外源氮输入和互花米草入侵对河口湿地CH4和N2O通量特征及"源/汇"功能的影响，研究氮输入对湿地CH4和N2O排放影响的时间变异性，明确氮输入影响下湿地植物对CH4和N2O排放的影响及贡献，揭示天然与入侵湿地土壤CH4产生与氧化过程对氮输入的响应，定量评估氮输入及互花米草入侵影响下硝化作用、反硝化作用、硝化细菌反硝化作用及其他过程对N2O 排放的贡献。研究结果对于深入理解外源氮输入和互花米草入侵影响下河口湿地碳、氮生物地球化学过程具有重要的理论意义，并可为互花米草入侵湿地的恢复与治理提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 河口湿地；氮输入；互花米草入侵；甲烷；氧化亚氮

英文摘要： Nitrogen addition, exotic species invasion and global climate change are important research contents of the global change. Coastal region, acts as the important "sink" of terrestrial nitrogen, has significant effects on the global climate. How does its greenhouse gas emission respond to the double effects of increasing nitrogen input and exotic plant invasion? The native Cyperus malaccensis and invasive Spartina alterniflora salt marshes, located in the Min River estuary, are selected as study objects, and the effects of nitrogen addition on CH4 and N2O emission will be studied for three years based on the field experiment and control experiment. The main goals of this project are (i) to discuss the effect of exogenous nitrogen input and Spartina alterniflora invasion on CH4 and N2O flux characteristics and "source/sink" function. (ii) to study the temporal variability of CH4 and N2O emission as affected by the nitrogen addition. (iii) to confirm the effect and contribution of plant in the process of CH4 and N2O emission as affected by the nitrogen addition.(ⅳ) to reveal the responses of CH4 production and oxidation processes to the nitrogen input in the native and invasive wetland soils. (v) to evaluate the contributions of nitrification, denitrification, nitrifier denitrification and other process on CH4 and N

英文关键词： Estuarine wetland；Nitrogen input；Spartina alterniflora invasion；CH4；N2O