植物二倍半萜生物合成途径与调控研究

项目名称： 植物二倍半萜生物合成途径与调控研究

项目编号： No.31470395

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘燕

作者单位： 中国科学院昆明植物研究所

项目金额： 80万元

中文摘要： 天然二倍半萜结构复杂、活性广泛，主要分布于海洋生物中，植物中较为少见。二倍半萜生物合成研究很少，植物中未见报道。前期，本课题组发现唇形科植物米团花和火把花的腺毛能高度富集新奇的防御性二倍半萜，其核心骨架均为5/6/5三环体系，但立体化学及侧链修饰却截然不同；并在NSFC青年基金的资助下，对米团花二倍半萜生物合成前体GFPP的形成进行了研究，克隆、鉴定了GFPP合成酶基因。在此基础上，本项目拟深入开展植物二倍半萜生物合成途径与调控研究。以米团花和火把花的腺毛为材料，结合转录组测序等手段，克隆并鉴定二倍半萜生物合成的关键酶：GFPP合成酶(火把花)和二倍半萜合成酶基因，解析植物二倍半萜生物合成的主要途径；研究生物和非生物胁迫后关键酶基因的表达量和二倍半萜的含量，分析植物体内与关键酶相互作用蛋白的功能和信号转导通路，阐明二倍半萜生物合成的调控机制，为揭示植物二倍半萜的生物学功能提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 植物二倍半萜；二倍半萜生物合成；GFPP合成酶；二倍半萜合成酶；调控机制

英文摘要： The natural sesterterpenoids, a small subgroup of terpenoids derived from five isoprene units, are mostly isolated from marine organisms,but barely found in plants. Most sesterterpenoids feature unprecedented structural complexity and fascinating bioactivities. Their biosynthesis has not been well investigated, especially in plants. Our previous studies on two Lamiaceae plants, Leucosceptrum canum and Colquhounia coccinea var. mollis, led to the discovery of two series of unique sesterterpenoids, which are highly accumulated in the glandular trichomes and function as defense compounds. These sesterterpenoids share similarity in structural features due to their common 5/6/5 core structure, but are clearly distinct by their adverse stereochemistries and side chain modification. Those discoveries present us with a tremendous opportunity to study plant sesterterpeniods biosynthesis pathway and regulation. Within the NSFC supported project, investigation on the biosynthesis of GFPP (Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate), the precursor of sesterterpenoids, resulted in the clone and functional characterization of the GFPPS (GFPP synthase) in L. canum. Based on our previous researches, this project aims to further investigate the biosynthesis pathway and regulation of plant sesterterpeniods: to clone and indentify GFPPS and sesterterpeniod synthase, and then reveal the committed steps of plants sesterterpeniods biosynthesis; to study the expression of GFPPS and sesterterpeniod synthase and the content of sesterterpeniods in two plants under biotic and abiotic stresses, and then uncover the regulation of sesterterpenoids biosynthesis in transcription level; to investigate the function of GFPPS and sesterterpeniod synthase interacting proteins and the related signal transduction pathways, and then elucidate the regulation of sesterterpenoids biosynthesis in protein level. The ultimate aims of this project are expected to provide theoretic and scientific bases for the utilization of these sesterterpeniods.

英文关键词： plant sesterterpenoids;sesterterpenoids biosynthesis;GFPP synthase;sesterterpenoid synthase;regulation