空间环境下SMA驱动器概率设计理论与方法

项目名称： 空间环境下SMA驱动器概率设计理论与方法

项目编号： No.51505018

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 机械、仪表工业

项目作者： 张小勇

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 航天非火工释放技术和传统利用火药爆炸能量的火工释放技术相比，具有冲击小、无烟尘污染、可重复使用等优点，非常适合用于对冲击和烟尘污染敏感的精密设备中，对我国的航天、国防科技具有重要意义。形状记忆合金（SMA，shape memory alloy）驱动器设计理论是SMA非火工释放技术的核心，本项目拟针对当前SMA本构模型不适用于航天特殊环境的问题，探究高加热速率和过加热等对SMA性能的影响规律，建立适用于航天特殊环境的SMA本构模型；针对现有SMA驱动器设计理论不能考虑材料、制造、使用等环节中随机因素影响的不足，系统研究影响SMA驱动器可靠性的随机因素及其分布规律，利用发展的SMA本构模型，结合驱动器的具体结构形式，基于应力强度干涉原理，建立SMA驱动器概率设计理论。通过本项目的研究，可建立航天特殊环境SMA本构模型和SMA驱动器概率设计理论，为我国航天非火工释放技术的进步奠定重要的理论基础。

中文关键词： 形状记忆合金；本构模型；概率设计；驱动器

英文摘要： Non-explosive release technology used in the aerospace application, different from the traditional explosive release technology, possesses the advantages of low shock, no contamination and resettable, which is well suited for precision equipment used in aerospace crafts, and plays a key role in the space and defense related science and technology. SMA (Shape Memory Alloy) actuator design theory is the core of SMA-based non-explosive release technology, which is a basic theory and needs to be further developed. Considering that current SMA constitutive models can not describe some behaviors of SMAs under aerospace operation conditions, this project plans to study the influences of high heating rate and over-heating working conditions on SMA performances, and established a SMA constitutive model which is suitable for aerospace operation conditions under general thermodynamic framework. Moreover, motivated by the fact that exist SMA actuator design theories can not address the inherent uncertainties involved in material prosperities, manufacturing and operation conditions related with SMA actuators, this project also plans to study these inherent uncertainties and establish probability models to describe their probability distributions. Based on these probability models, the aforementioned SMA constitutive model and specific structures of SMA actuators, following the stress-strength interference concept, a probabilistic design theory for aerospace-used SMA actuator will be finally established. In summary, this project can establish an aerospace-used SMA constitutive model and a probabilistic SMA actuator design theory, which will make an important theoretic foundation for the progress of non-explosive release technology in China.

英文关键词： shape memory alloy;constitutive model;probabilistic design;actuator