空间目标漫反射激光测距联合测角资料精密定轨的研究

项目名称： 空间目标漫反射激光测距联合测角资料精密定轨的研究

项目编号： No.10803019

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2009

项目学科： 金属学与金属工艺

项目作者： 李语强

作者单位： 中国科学院云南天文台

项目金额： 24万元

中文摘要： 空间目标漫反射激光测距，是技术难度较大的一个研究课题。本项目在云南天文台1.2米望远镜卫星激光测距系统的基础上开展了空间目标漫反射激光测距研究，掌握了其关键技术，并最终实现空间目标的漫反射激光测距；同时利用空间目标的激光测距数据与测角数据开展了单站定轨的研究。 本项目完成的主要研究内容： 1）分析了非合作目标漫反射特性，开展了漫反射激光测距地面试验，为实现空间目标漫反射激光测距提供了技术参考； 2）通过理论分析，估算了1.2米望远镜进行漫反射激光测距的成功概率及改进措施，组织了空间目标漫反射激光测距试验，收到测距回波并对漫反射激光测距误差进行分析研究； 3）研究了联合漫反射激光测距数据和光学测角资料进行单站定轨的方法。即用高精度的测距资料去平差相对而言低精度的测角资料，将两者有机地结合起来,计算结果表明我们所研究的定轨方法的精度优于目前单纯光学资料定轨的精度，实现了空间目标的单站精密定轨。

中文关键词： 空间目标；漫反射激光测距；轨道改进

英文摘要： Diffuse reflection laser ranging (DRLR) is new technique for detecting space objects, which is a difficult research project. We have done some research on space objects DRLR at Yunnan Observatory 1.2m telescope with the system of satellite laser ranging (SLR), and we mastery the key technique for DRLR, so we obtained the echo of space objects DRLR; then the method of orbit improvement is investigated using single-station SLR data and angular data. The main research aspects as following have progressed for the project: 1) The diffuse reflective characteritics of the non-cooperation objects is analyzed, and a series of experiments and theoretical analysis are done, and the key techniques of DRLR for the space objects are presented. 2) By theoretical analysis, we have estimated successful probability of DRLR at 1.2m telescope, and the measurements of increasing the number of echo photonics are researched. By data processing and error source analyzing, the accuracy of DRLR for space objects have analyzed. 3) The method of improving space objects utilizing single-station LRLR data combined with angular measurement data, i.e. we used high precision ranging data to adjust angular data that have wores accuracy than ranging data, and effectively combined them for space objects orbit improvement. The simulation and calculation result indicated that this method could improve orbit determination precision and had well useful value.

英文关键词： Space Objets；Diffuse Reflection Laser Ranging；Orbit Improvement