多基地雷达空间目标惯量特征分析与提取方法研究

项目名称： 多基地雷达空间目标惯量特征分析与提取方法研究

项目编号： No.61501011

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 无线电电子学、电信技术

项目作者： 雷鹏

作者单位： 北京航空航天大学

项目金额： 19万元

中文摘要： 地基雷达探测是空间非合作目标测量与识别的重要途径之一。本项目将以多基地窄带信号体制雷达为手段，针对空间刚体目标质量非对称分布的一般化情况，研究利用多基地雷达空间分集特性，通过自相似矩阵和全局最近邻准则对多路回波微多普勒时频分量进行关联处理，实现目标惯量参数估计的方法。根据空间动力学原理和多基地雷达多普勒测量特点，分析目标惯量参数与微动状态及微多普勒特征之间的明确量化关系，在理论、算法和实验三个层面上开展对惯性模型合理简化、目标惯量参数估计、性能评估方法等方面的研究工作。项目研究成果将为雷达目标特征提取与识别提供新的思路和方法，并能够为窄带信号体制雷达技术升级、多基地雷达系统合理构建提供关键的理论支持，服务于我国在空间探测、载人航天保障、导弹防御等领域的技术发展需求。

中文关键词： 雷达目标；空间目标；调制特征；特征提取；属性识别

英文摘要： The ground-based radar is one of the most important measures for space target acquisition and recognition. In this National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) grant, we shall investigate the inertial characteristic estimation of free rigid targets in space by using multistatic narrowband radar. For wide applicability of the research results and without loss of generalization of space objects, the targets with the mass asymmetry are taken into account in the study. First, based on the attitude kinematics in space, some smart simplification and transformation will be applied to the inertial model of the targets. It could be clearer to specify the relationship between targets’ inertial characteristics, micro-motion states and multistatic radar micro-Doppler features, which plays a key role in the parameter estimation of inertial characteristics afterwards. Besides, the Doppler measurement in multistatic radar will be considered, and together with the improved inertial model, we will analyze the time variation of multistatic radar micro-Doppler from asymmetric targets. Second, the spatial diversity and multistatic radar micro-Doppler will be exploited for the parameter estimation of inertial characteristics of asymmetric targets in space. After time-frequency analysis and extraction, we could have a series of micro-Doppler time-frequency data sequences related to multi-channel signals and multi-scatterer on target. Then, the self-similarity matrix and the global nearest neighbor criterion will be used to achieve the measurement-to-measurement micro-Doppler association. On this basis as well as the physical relationship mentioned above, the inertial characteristic parameters of asymmetric target in space could be estimated from multistatic radar echoes. Third, the performance assessment will be conducted by means of theoretical analysis, simulations and software-based electromagnetic scattering data. In particular, a new multistatic radar ambiguity function will be derived and discussed with the consideration of radar system configuration in three-dimensional space and high-order approximation of micro-motion. The oncoming research achievements in our grant proposal will contribute to the non-cooperative space target recognition in radar, technical upgrade for active-duty narrowband radars and multistatic radar system configuration, and be applied in space exploration, support to manned space missions, homeland defense, and so forth.

英文关键词： radar target;space target;modulation characteristics;feature extraction;attribute recognition