基于认知实验的地图汉字注记配置规则及其形式化表达研究

项目名称： 基于认知实验的地图汉字注记配置规则及其形式化表达研究

项目编号： No.41201470

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 地理学

项目作者： 王琤

作者单位： 西北农林科技大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 现有地图注记配置规则主要来自制图者的工作经验，由于对其机制缺乏系统研究，制图时这些规则不仅极易受各种主客观因素影响而且难以实现精确化和定量化。研究表明，从心理认知角度可以初步解释注记配置规则的基本内涵，但方法简单原始，结论缺乏代表性和系统性。为此，本项目以地图汉字注记配置规则为研究对象，依据空间认知揭示认知过程和结果的研究进展，提出了从"制图者认知"和"读图者感知"角度共同揭示地图注记配置规则机制的科学设想。应用认知实验和地学知识可视化技术，深入研究地图汉字注记配置规则的心象地图特征、空间关系模型以及形式化表达技术三方面内容，实现地图汉字注记配置规则认知推理和自动化注记配置算法的有效融合，建立符合认知规则、适宜定量表达、具备美观特性的地图汉字注记配置规则知识库。主要目标是较为系统、完整地阐明地图注记配置规则空间认知机制，以便为实现基于朴素地理学的智能化GIS设计提供理论依据和典型研究范例。

中文关键词： 地图认知；心象地图；地图注记；空间关系；知识表达

英文摘要： This research focuses on some basic Chinese cartographic annotation rules and relevant quantitative map labeling metrics in cartographic/GIS softwares. Cartographic annotation rules are mainly based on the working experience of some outstanding cartographers and most of them are represented by qualitative ways at the present time. One of the major advantages of these ways is making the rules to be interpreted as simple as possible, but a lot of cartographic annotation rules will be easily affected by various subjective and objective factors originated from cartographers or their different working purposes at the same time. More importantly, it is hard to transform the qualitative cartographic annotation rules into quantitative metrics in cartographic/GIS softwares precisely and appropriately. The most probable explanation is that it is difficult to explain to cartographers the logic behind what is considered to be "normal" or "acceptable" annotation rules. Some researches have shown that psychology theories(e.g. Gestalt theories) have had an immense influence on cartographic annotation rules, but the research methods are primitive, and the results are not comprehensive. For reasons of improving cartographic annotation rules and representing them precisely, this research raises a new idea that we can reveal th

英文关键词： map cognition；mental map；map labeling；spatial relationship；knowledeg representation