基于在轨测量误差补偿的卫星高精度姿态确定方法研究

项目名称： 基于在轨测量误差补偿的卫星高精度姿态确定方法研究

项目编号： No.61503396

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 自动化技术、计算机技术

项目作者： 矫媛媛

作者单位： 中国人民解放军国防科技大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 卫星运行过程中受到各种在轨环境因素的影响，使得敏感器实际输出数据的精度远远低于地面测试的测量精度。为实现高精度姿态确定，需要综合考虑各种在轨环境因素影响，本项目针对在轨卫星姿态测量中存在周期性误差、乘性噪声以及不确定性模型误差的实际问题，通过测量数据特性分析、不确定性误差建模、数据维数约简及最优估计理论的研究，采用直接补偿与间接抑制两种思路，设计适于处理在轨卫星复杂测量误差的高精度姿态确定方法，并对设计的新方法的姿态确定效果进行评估。具体内容包括：敏感器测量误差影响机理与误差特性分析，基于协方差约束的高精度卫星姿态确定方法，基于数据维数约简的高精度卫星姿态确定方法，基于精度响应函数的姿态确定效果评估。课题的研究能够为实现高精度姿态控制及高分辨成像、高精度测绘等卫星应用提供理论和技术支撑，具有重要的现实意义。

中文关键词： 姿态确定；测量误差；协方差约束；维数约简；精度响应函数

英文摘要： Satellite on-orbit environment factors will reduce the accuracy of attitude measurement sensors’ output data significantly. In order to estimate the attitude with high accuracy, the influence of various on-orbit environment factors should be analyzed. This project concentrates on dealing with this problem. Considering the fact that various measurement errors, including periodicity error, multiply error and uncertainty error etc., exist in attitude measurement data, we develop the researches on measurement data’s characteristic analysis, uncertainty error modeling, data dimensionality reduction and optimal estimation methods. Two different strategies, i.e., compensation directly and restraint indirectly, are employed to design the high accuracy attitude determination methods. These new methods are suitable to deal with complex on-orbit measurement error. Concretely, the researches include: analyzing influence principle and characteristic of sensors’ measurement error, designing high accuracy attitude determination method based on covariance constraint condition, designing high accuracy attitude determination method based on dimensionality reduction approaches, constructing accuracy response function based performance evaluation. The research of this project can provide useful guidance in a lot of real applications, such as high accuracy attitude control, high resolution imaging and high precision surveying.

英文关键词： attitude detremination;measurement error;covariance constraint;dimensionality reduction;accuracy response function