两性离子聚合物的合成及其在甜菜夜蛾无公害防治中的应用

项目名称： 两性离子聚合物的合成及其在甜菜夜蛾无公害防治中的应用

项目编号： No.31201552

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2013

项目学科： 植物保护学、园艺学与植物营养学

项目作者： 林雅铃

作者单位： 华南农业大学

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 长期使用化学合成农药所带来的"3R"问题，促使人们思考化学农药与生态和谐之间的关系。蛋白和细胞在植物表面的有效吸附是植食性害虫生存繁衍的基础，本项目拟通过分子设计合成一种以聚硅氧烷（PMS）为主链、羧酸甜菜碱型两性分子（CB）为不可水解侧基的，具有超亲水性、抗蛋白和细胞吸附、不阻隔植物蛋白与外界作用的甜菜碱型两性离子聚合物（PMS-g-CB）新型材料，同时以世界性重要蔬菜害虫- - 甜菜夜蛾为对象，研究其成虫在喷洒不同结构PMS-g-CB材料的甘蓝叶片表面的产卵行为、卵块粘附和幼虫附着爬行行为及其与PMS-g-CB结构之间的关系。旨在研究开发一种新型的无毒聚合物材料，在蔬菜上喷洒后，能使其表面形成无毒、又不适应害虫附着的微生态环境，实现蔬菜害虫无公害防治目标，并为建立全新的和谐植保提供科学依据。

中文关键词： 聚硅氧烷接枝甜菜碱；聚合物-蛋白相互作用；抗蛋白吸附；抗细菌粘附；生物相容性

英文摘要： The "3R" problems raised by the long term usage of chemical synthetic pesticide encouraged people to consider about the relationship between pesticides and harmonious ecological protection. It was noticed that the effective absorption of protein and cell on the plant surface is the fundament of the attachment, survival and reproduction of the phytophagous pests on plant surface. Thus a novel zwitterionic polymer (PMS-g-CB) based on polymethylsiloxane (PMS) backbone and carboxybetaine (CB) side chain was designed, synthesized and characterized, which was stable, non-toxic, super-hydrophilic, ultra-low protein and cell adsorption, and also non-obstructive to the communication between plant protein and environments. After PMS-g-CB was covered on the surface of cabbage (Brassica oleracea.var.capitata L.), the relationship among the oviposition, absorption and settlement of the eggs and larva of Spodoptera exigua on the surface of cabbage would be intensively studied. The aim of this project is to develop a novel obstructive and non-toxic polymer material (PMS-g-CB), after PMS-g-CB was insufflated on the surface of plant, a non-toxic micro-environment which was not suitable for the settlement of pest could be built, and by this way a hazard-free control of pest might be achieved. This research work would also supply

英文关键词： carboxylbatein grafted polydimethylsiloxanes；polymer-protein interactions；anti-adsorption of protein；anti-adherence of bacterial；bio-compatibilities