项目名称: 城市交通供需结构演化机理与调控方法
项目编号: No.51338008
项目类型: 重点项目
立项/批准年度: 2014
项目学科: 建筑环境与结构工程学科
项目作者: 王殿海
作者单位: 浙江大学
项目金额: 300万元
中文摘要: 交通拥堵在我国各大城市有愈演愈烈之势,面对治理交通中的重重困难和矛盾,政府或相关部门正在调整建设和管理思路,改“被动适应”为“主动调整”,通过资源配置和政策手段调整交通需求。已有研究成果由于在解决问题思路上缺乏主动性、研究方法上缺乏联动性和研究对象上存在交通方式单一性,不能满足实际需求。本项目将多种形式的交通供给、交通政策和各种方式的交通需求进行综合考虑,研究多方式链出行成本形成机理,以此为基础综合优化交通资源的配置和交通政策形成机制;建立交通供需结构演化的系统动力学模型,抽象各要素在结构演化过程中的因果关系;以优化的资源配置和交通政策作为系统动力学模型的决策变量,推动交通供需结构的演化过程,从形成支持“资源配置(交通政策)优化→需求结构演化→交通状态演化”决策模式的理论与方法。研究成果在学术上可以丰富和拓展交通工程的基础理论,在实践中可以为城市交通建设和管理提供理论支持。
中文关键词: 交通供给;交通需求;结构演化;资源配置;优化模型
英文摘要: Traffic congestion is becoming more and more severe in urban areas. Confronted with the difficulty and dilemma in traffic management, the government and related departments is now adjusting the idea, from “passively adaption” to “initiative adjustment”. The traffic demand is managed through resource allocation and policy measures. Current research achievement lacks initiation in solving thought, lack systematicness in research methodology, lack diversity in research objective. Thus current achievement cannot satisfy actual demand. This project comprehensively considers multiple-form traffic supply, traffic policy and traffic demand, researches the formation mechanism of multimode trip chain cost, and comprehensively optimizes the traffic resource allocation and traffic policy; establishes the system dynamics model of traffic supply and demand structure; take the resource allocation and traffic policy as decision variable to drive the evolution process the supply and demand structure, and thus form the decision mode of “resource allocation optimization→demand structure evolution→traffic state evolution”. The achievement of this project can enrich and expand the basic theory of traffic engineering in theory and provide support for urban traffic construction and management.
英文关键词: transportation supply;transportation demand;structure evolution;resource allocation;optimization model