The boom of DL technology leads to massive DL models built and shared, which facilitates the acquisition and reuse of DL models. For a given task, we encounter multiple DL models available with the same functionality, which are considered as candidates to achieve this task. Testers are expected to compare multiple DL models and select the more suitable ones w.r.t. the whole testing context. Due to the limitation of labeling effort, testers aim to select an efficient subset of samples to make an as precise rank estimation as possible for these models. To tackle this problem, we propose Sample Discrimination based Selection (SDS) to select efficient samples that could discriminate multiple models, i.e., the prediction behaviors (right/wrong) of these samples would be helpful to indicate the trend of model performance. To evaluate SDS, we conduct an extensive empirical study with three widely-used image datasets and 80 real world DL models. The experimental results show that, compared with state-of-the-art baseline methods, SDS is an effective and efficient sample selection method to rank multiple DL models.
翻译:DL技术的蓬勃发展导致大量DL模型的建立和共享,这有利于DL模型的获取和再利用。对于一项既定任务,我们遇到多种具有相同功能的DL模型,这些模型被视为完成这项任务的候选者。预计测试者将比较多个DL模型,并在整个测试背景下选择更合适的模型。由于标签工作的限制,测试者打算选择一个高效的样本子组,为这些模型作出尽可能准确的等级估计。为了解决这一问题,我们提议基于抽样的区别选择(SDS),以选择能够区分多种模型的有效样本,即这些样本的预测行为(右/错)将有助于显示模型性能的趋势。为了评估SDS,我们开展了一项广泛的实验性研究,使用三个广泛使用的图像数据集和80个真实的世界DL模型。实验结果显示,与最先进的基准方法相比,SDS是将多个DL模型排级的一个有效和高效的样本选择方法。