We study random digraphs on sequences of expanders with bounded average degree {which converge locally in probability}. We prove that the threshold for the existence of a giant strongly connected component, as well as the asymptotic fraction of nodes with giant fan-in or nodes with giant fan-out are local, in the sense that they are the same for two sequences with the same local limit. The digraph has a bow-tie structure, with all but a vanishing fraction of nodes lying either in the unique strongly connected giant and its fan-in and fan-out, or in sets with small fan-in and small fan-out. All local quantities are expressed in terms of percolation on the limiting rooted graph, without any structural assumptions on the limit, allowing, in particular, for non tree-like graphs. {In the course of establishing these results, we generalize previous results on the locality of the size of the giant to expanders of bounded average degree with possibly non-tree like limits. We also show that regardless of the local convergence of a sequence, the uniqueness of the giant and convergence of its relative size for unoriented percolation imply the bow-tie structure for directed percolation.} An application of our methods shows that the critical threshold for bond percolation and random digraphs on preferential attachment graphs is $p_c=0$, with an infinite order phase transition at $p_c$.
翻译:我们研究关于具有约束平均度的扩张器序列的随机测算 。 我们证明, 存在一个巨大的强烈连接组件的阈值, 以及带有巨大的扇形或节点的无线点部分, 以及巨大的扇形或节点, 以及巨大的扇形外溢的无线点, 是局部的, 也就是说, 它们与两个序列相同, 具有相同的本地限值。 测算有一个弓领结结构, 除了消失的节点部分外, 都位于一个独特的紧密相连的巨型、 其扇形和扇形, 或位于一个小扇形和小扇扇外的组合中。 所有本地的标数都以限制的根底图的折叠值表示, 特别是允许非树形的图形。 {在确定这些结果的过程中, 我们将先前关于巨型平均度的大小与可能非树形的扩展点位置的结果 。 我们还显示, 不论一个本地的序列、 巨型和小扇形扇形和小扇形扇形扇形扇形的扇形扇形扇形点。 所有本地的缩缩缩图的缩图的缩图图显示, 直成型的缩缩图显示, 直成型的底的缩缩成型的缩图显示, 。