An Efficient Probe-based Routing for Content-Centric Networking

With the development of new technologies and applications, such as Internet of Things, smart cities, 5G and edge computing, traditional IP-based networks have exposed many problems. Information-Centric Networking (ICN), Named Data Networking (NDN) and Content-Centric Networking (CCN) are therefore proposed as an alternative for future network. However, unlike IP-based networks, the routing of CCN is not deterministic and hard to be optimized due to the frequent replacement of in-network caching. This paper presents a novel probe-based routing algorithm that real-time explores in-network caching to ensure the routing table storing the optimal paths to the nearest content provider up to date. Effective probe-selections, PIT probe and FIB probe are discussed and analyzed by simulation with different performance measurements. Compared with the basic CCN, in the aspect of qualitative analysis, the additional computational overhead of our approach are O(NCS + Nrt + NFIB) and O(NFIB) on processing interest packets and data packets, respectively. However, in the aspect of quantitative analysis, our approach reduces the number of timeout interest by 6% and reduces the average response time by 0.6 seconds. In addition, in the aspect of QoS, although basic CCN and our approach are in the same QoS category, our approach performs better in terms of real values. In summary, the results demonstrate that compared to basic CCN, our probe-based routing approach raises FIB accuracy and reduces network congestion and response time that achieves efficient routing.