Broadband Internet service is widely expected to be the fundamental universal service for the 21st century. But more than a decade of national and international struggles to close the digital divide between broadband haves and have nots suggest that reaching global universality will be a very difficult task. This paper argues that the strong guarantees made by the current broadband paradigm - low latency and constant availability - are unnecessary obstacles to its adoption as an affordable and universal digital service. We show that there is nonetheless a plausible strategy for deploying a Basic Broadband service that does not require such guarantees and is able to offer, at reasonable cost, almost all the critical and valuable services and applications currently delivered over low latency broadband, synchronous telepresence excepted.
翻译:宽带互联网服务被广泛认为是21世纪的基本普遍服务。 但十年多来为弥合宽带之间的数字鸿沟而进行的国家和国际斗争表明,实现全球普遍化将是一项非常困难的任务。 本文认为,目前宽带模式提供的有力保障 — — 低延迟和持续提供 — — 是对将宽带服务作为负担得起和普遍的数字服务的一种不必要障碍。 但我们表明,在部署基本宽带服务方面,存在着一种合理的战略,这种服务不需要这种保障,而且能够以合理的成本提供几乎所有关键和有价值的服务和应用,而这种服务和应用目前是在低延迟宽带、同步远程服务除外情况下提供的。