We consider a well known model of random directed acyclic graphs of order $n$, obtained by recursively adding vertices, where each new vertex has a fixed outdegree $d\ge2$ and the endpoints of the $d$ edges from it are chosen uniformly at random among previously existing vertices. Our main results concern the number $X$ of vertices that are descendants of $n$. We show that $X/\sqrt n$ converges in distribution; the limit distribution is, up to a constant factor, given by the $d$th root of a Gamma distributed variable. $\Gamma(d/(d-1))$. When $d=2$, the limit distribution can also be described as a chi distribution $\chi(4)$. We also show convergence of moments, and find thus the asymptotics of the mean and higher moments.
翻译:我们考虑一个众所周知的随机定向单程图模式,即以递增的脊椎获得的按价为n美元,其中每个新脊椎都有固定的外度$d\Ge2美元,其上方美元边缘的终点均在以前存在的脊椎中随机选择。我们的主要结果涉及的是零分之以美元为后因子的脊椎数X美元。我们显示,美元/sqrt n美元在分布中相汇;限制分布,最高为恒定系数,由伽马分布变量的美元根给出。$\Gamma(d/(d-1))美元。当美元=2美元时,限制分布也可以被描述为奇分配 $\chi(4)美元。我们还显示了时间的汇合,从而发现了平均值和较高时间的杂交点。</s>