Time-reversal symmetry, which requires that the dynamics of a system should not change with the reversal of time axis, is a fundamental property that frequently holds in classical and quantum mechanics. In this paper, we propose a novel loss function that measures how well our ordinary differential equation (ODE) networks comply with this time-reversal symmetry; it is formally defined by the discrepancy in the time evolutions of ODE networks between forward and backward dynamics. Then, we design a new framework, which we name as Time-Reversal Symmetric ODE Networks (TRS-ODENs), that can learn the dynamics of physical systems more sample-efficiently by learning with the proposed loss function. We evaluate TRS-ODENs on several classical dynamics, and find they can learn the desired time evolution from observed noisy and complex trajectories. We also show that, even for systems that do not possess the full time-reversal symmetry, TRS-ODENs can achieve better predictive performances over baselines.
翻译:时间反对称要求一个系统的动态不应随着时间轴的反转而改变,这是古典和量子力学中经常持有的一种基本属性。在本文中,我们提出一个新的损失函数,以测量我们普通的差分方程(ODE)网络与这种时反对称的相符程度;它的正式定义是前向和后向动态的ODE网络在时间演变上的差异。然后,我们设计一个新的框架,我们称之为时间反转对称ODE网络(TRS-ODENs),通过学习拟议的损失函数,可以更高效地学习物理系统的动态。我们用几种古典动力评估TRS-ODENs,发现它们可以从观察到的噪音和复杂的轨迹中了解理想的时间演变过程。我们还表明,即使对于不拥有全时反对称的系统,TRS-ODENs也可以在基线上取得更好的预测性表现。