Safe UAV navigation is challenging due to the complex environment structures, dynamic obstacles, and uncertainties from measurement noises and unpredictable moving obstacle behaviors. Although plenty of recent works achieve safe navigation in complex static environments with sophisticated mapping algorithms, such as occupancy map and ESDF map, these methods cannot reliably handle dynamic environments due to the mapping limitation from moving obstacles. To address the limitation, this paper proposes a trajectory planning framework to achieve safe navigation considering complex static environments with dynamic obstacles. To reliably handle dynamic obstacles, we divide the environment representation into static mapping and dynamic object representation, which can be obtained from computer vision methods. Our framework first generates a static trajectory based on the proposed iterative corridor shrinking algorithm. Then, reactive chance-constrained model predictive control with temporal goal tracking is applied to avoid dynamic obstacles with uncertainties. The simulation results in various environments demonstrate the ability of our algorithm to navigate safely in complex static environments with dynamic obstacles.
翻译:由于复杂的环境结构、动态障碍以及测量噪音和不可预测的移动障碍行为带来的不确定性,无人驾驶飞行器的安全航行具有挑战性。虽然许多近期工程在复杂的静态环境中实现了安全航行,并配有复杂的绘图算法,如占用图和ESDF地图,但由于移动障碍的绘图限制,这些方法无法可靠地处理动态环境。为了应对这一局限性,本文件提出了一个轨迹规划框架,以考虑到具有动态障碍的复杂静态环境实现安全航行。为了可靠地处理动态障碍,我们将环境代表分为静态绘图和动态物体代表,这可以从计算机的视觉方法中获得。我们的框架首先根据拟议的迭代走廊缩缩缩算法生成了静态轨迹。随后,以时间目标跟踪为目的的被动、受风险限制的模式预测控制模型被用于避免充满不确定性的动态障碍。各种环境中的模拟结果表明我们的算法有能力在具有动态障碍的复杂静态环境中安全航行。