With the increase in world population, food resources have to be modified to be more productive, resistive, and reliable. Wheat is one of the most important food resources in the world, mainly because of the variety of wheat-based products. Wheat crops are threatened by three main types of diseases which cause large amounts of annual damage in crop yield. These diseases can be eliminated by using pesticides at the right time. While the task of manually spraying pesticides is burdensome and expensive, agricultural robotics can aid farmers by increasing the speed and decreasing the amount of chemicals. In this work, a smart autonomous system has been implemented on an unmanned aerial vehicle to automate the task of monitoring wheat fields. First, an image-based deep learning approach is used to detect and classify disease-infected wheat plants. To find the most optimal method, different approaches have been studied. Because of the lack of a public wheat-disease dataset, a custom dataset has been created and labeled. Second, an efficient mapping and navigation system is presented using a simulation in the robot operating system and Gazebo environments. A 2D simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm is used for mapping the workspace autonomously with the help of a frontier-based exploration method.
翻译:随着世界人口的增加,粮食资源必须加以改造,使之更具生产力、耐药性和可靠性。小麦是世界上最重要的粮食资源之一,主要因为小麦产品种类繁多。小麦作物受到三种主要疾病的威胁,这三种疾病每年对作物产量造成重大损害。这些疾病可以在适当的时候通过使用杀虫剂来消灭。尽管人工喷洒杀虫剂的任务既繁琐又昂贵,农业机器人可以通过提高速度和减少化学品数量来帮助农民。在这项工作中,对无人驾驶航空飞行器实施了智能自主系统,以自动化地监测小麦田的任务。首先,采用了基于图像的深层次学习方法来探测和分类受疾病影响的小麦厂。为了找到最理想的方法,已经研究了不同的方法。由于缺乏公共小麦疾病数据集,已经创建并贴上了标签。第二,利用机器人操作系统和加泽博环境的模拟,推出了高效的制图和导航系统。使用2D同步的本地化和绘图算法来自动绘制工作空间图,同时使用前沿勘探方法。