In past work, we developed a computational model of the evolution of symbiotic entities (Model-S), based on Conway's Game of Life. In this article, we examine three trends that biologists have observed in the evolution of symbiotes. (1) Management: If one partner is able to control the symbiotic relation, this control can reduce conflict; thus evolutionary selection favours symbiotes that have a manager. (2) Mutualism: Although partners in symbiosis often have conflicting needs, evolutionary selection favours increasing cooperation among partners. (3) Interaction: Repeated interaction among partners in symbiosis tends to promote increasing fitness due to evolutionary selection. We have added instrumentation to Model-S that allows us to make detailed measurements, to see whether the three trends can be observed in the simulation. When we measure the fitness of a symbiote by the number of children it has, we find that fitter symbiotes have significantly more management, mutualism, and interaction than less fit symbiotes. These results confirm the trends observed in nature by biologists. Model-S allows biologists to study these evolutionary trends and other characteristics of symbiosis in ways that are not tractable with living organisms.
翻译：在以往的工作中,我们根据Conway的“生活游戏”制定了共生实体(Model-S)演变的计算模型(Model-S),在Conway的“生活游戏”的基础上,我们开发了共生实体(Model-S)演变的计算模型。在本条中,我们研究了生物学家在共生关系的演变中观察到的三种趋势。(1) 管理:如果一个伙伴能够控制共生关系,这种控制可以减少冲突;因此,进化选择有利于拥有管理人的共生关系。(2) 相互性:虽然共生关系中的伙伴往往有着相互冲突的需要,但进化选择有利于增加合作伙伴之间的合作。(3) 互动:共生关系中的伙伴之间反复互动往往会促进因进化选择而提高健康程度。我们已经在“模型-S”中增加了三个趋势,使我们能够进行详细的测量,看看在模拟中是否可以观察到这三种趋势。当我们用儿童数量来衡量共生关系是否适合共生关系时,我们发现相邻共生关系的管理、相互性以及互动性比共生关系大得多。这些结果证实了生物学学家在自然中观察到的趋势。模型-Smest-S允许生物系研究这些进生物体的演化趋势和其他特征。
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