Breaking Rate-Distance Limitation of Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secret Sharing

Quantum secret sharing is an important cryptographic primitive for network applications ranging from secure money transfer to multiparty quantum computation. Currently most progresses on quantum secret sharing suffer from rate-distance bound, and thus the key rates are limited and unpractical for large-scale deployment. Furthermore, the performance of most existing protocols is analyzed in the asymptotic regime without considering participant attacks. Here we report a measurement-device-independent quantum secret sharing protocol with improved key rate and transmission distance. Based on spatial multiplexing, our protocol shows it can break rate-distance bounds over network under at least ten communication parties. Compared with other protocols, our work improves the secret key rate by more than two orders of magnitude and has a longer transmission distance. We analyze the security of our protocol in the composable framework considering participant attacks. Based on the security analysis, we also evaluate their performance in the finite-size regime. In addition, we investigate applying our protocol to digital signatures where the signature rate is improved more than $10^7$ times compared with existing protocols. Based on our results, we anticipate that our quantum secret sharing protocol will provide a solid future for multiparty applications on quantum network.