The properties of a thermally sprayed coating, such as its durability or thermal conductivity depend on its microstructure, which is in turn directly related to the particle impact process. To simulate this process we present a 3D Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) model, which represents the molten droplet as an incompressible fluid, while a semi-implicit Enthalpy-Porosity method is applied for the mushy zone during solidification. In addition, we present an implicit correction for SPH simulations, based on well known approaches, from which we can observe improved performance and simulation stability. We apply our SPH method to the impact and solidification of Al$_2$O$_3$ droplets onto a free slip substrate and perform a rigorous quantitative comparison of our method with the commercial software Ansys Fluent using the Volume of Fluid (VOF) approach, while taking identical physical effects into consideration. The results are evaluated in depth and we discuss the applicability of either method for the simulation of thermal spray deposition. We show that SPH is an excellent method for solving this free surface problem accurately and efficiently.
翻译:热喷洒涂层的特性,如耐久性或导热性等,取决于微结构,而微结构又与粒子撞击过程直接相关。模拟这一过程时,我们将3D滑动粒子流体动力学(SPH)模型(3D滑动粒子流体(SPH)模型)作为熔化液的一种不可压缩的液体,同时在固化过程中对肌肉带采用半隐含的渗透-渗透性方法。此外,我们根据众所周知的方法对SPH模拟进行暗中修正,从中我们可以看到性能和模拟稳定性的提高。我们将我们的SPH方法用于Al_2$O_3$的液滴的影响和固化,并将我们的方法与使用液态气积法的商业软件Ansys Fluent 进行严格的定量比较,同时考虑同样的物理影响。我们从深度上评估结果,并讨论热喷沉降模拟两种方法的可适用性能。我们表明SPH是准确和高效解决这一自由地表问题的极好的方法。