国产盆距兰属(Gastrochilus)的分类修订

项目名称： 国产盆距兰属(Gastrochilus)的分类修订

项目编号： No.31500164

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2016

项目学科： 生物科学

项目作者： 刘强

作者单位： 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园

项目金额： 20万元

中文摘要： 盆距兰属（Gastrochilus D. Don）隶属兰科指甲兰亚族，全世界约54种，我国共有34种，其中20种为我国特有种，主要分布在我国的西南、华南及台湾地区。尽管早期吉占和研究员通过查阅标本对该属开展了初步地分类修订研究，但由于许多种的标本无法查阅或花的标本严重缩水、损坏致使当时的研究存在很大的缺陷。目前很多的研究也仅限于种类的修订和新种、新记录种的描述发表，而在更深层次上的解剖学、细胞学、传粉生物学以及分子系统学等方面的研究少有报道。诸多原因使得我国该属植物的分类仍然存在着很大的争议，因此利用多学科手段对我国该属植物进行全面修订显得十分必要。本项目在大量野外调查、标本查阅和引种观察的基础上，运用形态解剖学、孢粉学、细胞学和分子生物学多学科手段，解决该属植物在分类学上存在的诸多有争议的问题，对我国盆距兰属植物进行全面的分类修订。

中文关键词： 分类修订；盆距兰属；兰科；中国

英文摘要： The genus Gastrochilus D. Don (Orchidaceae, Aeridinea) is characterized by a saccate hypochile and two porate pollinia. Among its 54 species in the world, 34 are found in China, with 20 species are endemic, and mainly distributed in south, southeast China and Taiwan. Although professor Tsi had carried out preliminary revision of Gastrochilus by virtue of specimens collected in herbarium, the research is still not sufficiently complete because many specimens could not be referred to or borrowed and many flowers of specimens had seriously shrinked or been destroyed. Therefore, the results could not completely clarify the relationship among species. Up to now, scientific research of Gastrochilus has been focusing on the new species description and species taxonomical revision. However, there are few reports about anatomy, cytology, pollination biology, systematics and phylogenetic classification of this genus. Much dispute and debate remain in the classification of this genus. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive revision of Gastrochilus in China by employing multi-disciplinary methods. For this project, we will conduct a large number of field investigations, consult sufficient specimens, and observe introduced species in the nursery. We aim to solve existing arguments among some species on taxonomy by applying multi-disciplinary approach, such as anatomy, palynology, cytology and molecular biology. We further aim to carry out the thorough taxonomical revision and set up a reasonable classification system for the genus of Gastrochilus in China.

英文关键词： Taxonomic revision;Gastrochilus;Orchidaceae;China