项目名称: 光电极及其在神经电刺激与记录中的应用基础研究
项目编号: No.61275200
项目类型: 面上项目
立项/批准年度: 2013
项目学科: 无线电电子学、电信技术
项目作者: 裴为华
作者单位: 中国科学院半导体研究所
项目金额: 92万元
中文摘要: 用于多通道电生理记录的电极目前在神经生物学、神经工程、认知学科和医学方面正在发挥重要的作用,但是单纯依靠电信号进行刺激和记录的手段对神经元来说,在相应的刺激和记录空间范围内,不具有选择性,这让准确了解神经元编码和协作行为变得困难。利用光遗传学调控神经元的方法具有操作简单、非接触、高时空分辨、可定量重复等优势,已被初步用于神经可塑性、神经信息整合、神经网络结构、神经病理学及动物行为学等神经科学的研究中。根据光遗传学的原理和实验动物的类型、实验靶点在组织中的分布特点以及实验的目的,需要有专门设计的仪器和工具来完成这些试验。本项目将设计和制造适合离体或在体的光-神经接口器件,即光电极,研究不同材料、结构的光电极的制备方案与光学,电学与生物学上的优化改进方案,为神经生物学和神经工程学提供研究神经回路、认知记忆、突触可塑性、精神类疾病的发病机理等基础科学问题提供更加准确、定量、可靠的电生理研究工
中文关键词: 光电极;神经接口;光遗传;光电集成;微光电二极管
英文摘要: multi-channel electrophysiological recording microelectrodes play an important role in neurobiology,neural engineering,Cognition and medical science.However,neural stimulation and recording based on only electrical signal lack selectivity in space,which makes neuron coding and coordination difficult to understang.Regulating neurons by using optogenetics has the advantages of easy operation,non-contact,high spacial resolution, quantified repeatability and so on, which has been used in neural plasticity,neural information integration,neural network.neuropathology,ethology and other neural science research areas.Specialized designed device and instrument are needed to satisfy experiments requirements in many respects,such as optogenetical theory,animal model,experiment targets distribution feature,etc.In this project, we plan to design and fabricate optic-electric interface,namely optrode, to help experiment in vivo and vitro.Different material and structure of optrode will be discussed, designed and fabricated. Parameters in electricity,optics and biology will be improved,and electrical signal recorded from neuron activity will be transimitted and processed.
英文关键词: opto-electrode;nerual interface;optogentics;opto-electronics integrating;mirco-LED