厌氧铁氧化反硝化耦合在城市湿地脱氮中的作用机理

项目名称： 厌氧铁氧化反硝化耦合在城市湿地脱氮中的作用机理

项目编号： No.41401556

项目类型： 青年科学基金项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 李文兵

作者单位： 杭州师范大学

项目金额： 25万元

中文摘要： 厌氧铁氧化是生物地球化学领域的一个研究热点，其在富营养化严重的城市湿地氮素去除过程中可能起着非常关键的作用。项目在申请者已有研究基础上，以城市湿地为模型系统，综合利用稳定同位素、实时荧光定量PCR和高通量测序等分子生物学研究方法，深入研究厌氧铁氧化与反硝化过程耦合途径及生化机理。定期采集城市湿地中水、土壤和植物样品，研究城市湿地中铁和氮的时空变化规律及动态耦合关系。从城市湿地中筛选具有厌氧铁氧化反硝化功能的菌群并进行富集培养，研究厌氧铁氧化反硝化功能菌群最佳反应条件和群落组成。利用稳定同位素示踪、激光衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）等技术，揭示厌氧铁氧化与反硝化过程耦合途径及机理。项目研究成果将揭示厌氧铁氧化反硝化过程在城市湿地脱氮中的作用，还将为城市湿地富营养化的缓解和控制提供理论依据。

中文关键词： 氮；反硝化；湿地；富营养化；耦合机制

英文摘要： Anaerobic iron oxidation is a hot topic in the research field of biogeochemical, and it might play an important role in the denitrification of urban wetlands with serious eutrophication. Based on the previous results and research foundation, we take urban wetland as the research object, targeting at deeply disclose the metabolic pathway and biochemical mechanism of anaerobic nitrate-dependent iron oxidation via the technique of stable isotope, real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing. In order to reveal spatiotemporal distribution characteristics and dynamic relationship between iron and nitrogen, samples (e.g. water, soil and plant) need to be took and analyzed from urban wetlands periodically. After obtaining functional bacteria coupling between anaerobic iron oxidation and denitrification, optimal growing conditions and diversity of them will be investigated by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing technique. Finally, the metabolic pathway and mechanism for the coupling of anaerobic nitrate-dependent iron oxidation will be expected to elucidate by stable isotope, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). The research results will not only reveal the important roles of anaerobic iron oxidation exerted for denitrification in urban wetlands, but also provide a theoretical basis for the control of urban wetlands eutrophication.

英文关键词： nitrogen;denitrification;wetlands;eutrophication;coupling mechanism