海盐气溶胶对沿海城市大气颗粒物及组成粒径分布的调控机制研究

项目名称： 海盐气溶胶对沿海城市大气颗粒物及组成粒径分布的调控机制研究

项目编号： No.41471390

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 地质学

项目作者： 吴水平

作者单位： 厦门大学

项目金额： 90万元

中文摘要： 海盐气溶胶（SSA）是沿海城市大气颗粒物的主要来源之一，可与城市大气中的HNO3等酸性组分发生反应，不仅会增加大气颗粒物的浓度，同时也会改变其粒径分布。当大气SO2浓度逐步降低而NO2持续增大时，SSA的输入对大气颗粒物及组成粒径分布的影响将变得更加复杂也更为显著，进而影响大气污染物减排效应的准确评估。本研究拟以受季风影响明显的福建沿海城市为研究区域，通过实测和模拟得到本地化的SSA排放模型，更新已有的大气污染物排放清单；再结合MM5气象场与CMAQ空气质量模型，模拟大气颗粒物及组成的粒径分布，并与出海航次、临海观测站、滨海城区与内陆山区的MOUDI实测数据进行比较、验证；在本地化CMAQ模型建立的基础上，通过在排放清单中纳入或忽略SSA，探讨SSA对沿海城市大气颗粒物及组成粒径分布的影响，并结合国家和地方大气污染物减排规划，对沿海城市达到空气质量改善目标的可能性进行评估。

中文关键词： 海盐气溶胶；大气颗粒物；排放清单；空气质量模型；调控机制

英文摘要： Sea-salt aerosol (SSA) is a major source of the atmospheric particles in cosatal urban areas.SSA can react with acid species such as HNO3,H2SO4 in the urban atmosphere and result in the increase of atmospherie particle concentrations and the change of their size distributions. The influence of SSA on the size distribution of particles would become more complicated when the level of SO2 decreases while NO2 level increases at the same time in the coastal urban atmosphere. As a result, the abatement effect of SO2 will become more difficult to be evaluated accurately. In this project, a local SSA emission module will be established based on the measurement and chamber results and will be used to update the emission inventory set up previously. Meteorological model (MM5) and air quality model (CMAQ) are used to model the particle size distribution in Taiwan straits, onshore monitoring sites, coastal urban sites and inland mountainous sites. The modeling results should be assessed with compared to the measurement results using MOUDI sampler at the sites mentioned above. The scenario analysis method is used to discuss the influence of SSA on the size distribution of atomspheric particles. In the end, the possibility of air quality improving will be assessed using CMAQ and the influence of SSA will be discussed.

英文关键词： Sea-salt aerosol;Particulate matter;Emission inventory;CMAQ;Regulatory mechanism