无人机探测华北平原地区雾霾天气下边界层大气气溶胶理化特性分析研究

项目名称： 无人机探测华北平原地区雾霾天气下边界层大气气溶胶理化特性分析研究

项目编号： No.41475124

项目类型： 面上项目

立项/批准年度： 2015

项目学科： 天文学、地球科学

项目作者： 李杨

作者单位： 中国气象局气象探测中心

项目金额： 110万元

中文摘要： 近年来，由于大气气溶胶所引起的气候和环境效应以及这些科学问题的不确定性，已成为地球科学领域研究热点之一。无论对于大气气溶胶气候效应研究还是空气质量污染预报，气溶胶的物理、化学特性研究都是其前提和基础。气象无人驾驶飞机由于其体积小、机动灵活、可重复使用等优点，利用其探测高空基本气象要素的手段已趋于成熟。本申请拟利用气象无人机搭载气溶胶采样仪，对华北平原地区雾霾天气下边界层大气气溶胶进行直接探测，重点关注气溶胶的浓度、谱分布、化学组分及其消光特性，深入认识华北平原地区雾霾天气下边界层大气气溶胶物理、化学、光学特性的垂直分布及变化特征，为华北平原地区近年频繁的城市雾霾天气研究与模式模拟提供合理与科学的气溶胶垂直分布特性参数，同时，也将对本区域气候模式的辐射强迫计算、空气质量模式的初始场设置与模拟结果检验、云雾形成机理等问题的研究起到一定的作用。

中文关键词： 无人机；大气边界层；雾霾天气；气溶胶理化特性；华北平原

英文摘要： Rencently, the effect of climate and environment caused by aerosol particles and the uncertainty of these science questions has been one of the heated topics in the field of geophysical studies. Aerosol physical and chemical researches are critical not only to the study of aerosol climate effect but also to the forecasting of air quality. Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) has the characteristics of small size, good flexiblility and repeat use, and so on. It is mature to detect the basic meteorological elements in upper air by using UAV. In this project, the aerosol sampler will be installed on the UAV to dectect the bondary layer aerosol property under haze weather conditions over North China Plain aera. The key points include aerosol concentration, size distribution, chemical composition, and extinction, etc for deep comprehension of vertical distribution of aerosol physical, chemical and optical properties in the bondary layer of North China Plain area under haze weather. This project will offer the reasonable vertical distribution parameters for the frequent unban haze study and modelling of North China Plain and its around region. This project will also benefit the radiative forcing calculation on the regional climate model, setting-up of initial fields and result validation air quality models, mechenism of the formation of cloud and fog researches.

英文关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle;boundary layer;haze;aerosol physical and chemical characteristics;North China Plain